临床控制的哮喘患者小气道功能和诱导痰炎性标志物测定的临床意义

目的 检测临床控制的哮喘患者小气道功能和诱导痰嗜酸细胞（Eos）、嗜酸细胞阳离子蛋白（ECP）和IL-5水平,探讨其临床意义.方法 对62例临床控制的哮喘患者做肺功能测定,并分别采用瑞氏染色、荧光免疫法和ELISA检测诱导痰Eos数量、ECP和IL-5水平.选择30例急性发作期哮喘患者和20例健康者作为对照组.结果 62例临床控制哮喘患者中,小气道功能异常43例（69.4%）,正常19例（30.6%）,诱导痰Eos数量（5.6±2.9）%、ECP（129±100）μg/L、IL-5（21±12）μg/L,显著低于急性发作期哮喘组（P＜0.01）,但显著高于健康对照组（P＜0.01）.小气道功能异常哮喘患者诱导痰Eos数量（6.9±3.1）%、ECP（148±90）μg/L、IL-5（24±12）μg/L,显著高于小气道功能正常患者痰Eos（2.0 ±1.1）%,ECP（54 ±29）μg/L、IL-5（13 ±5）μg/L,P＜0.01].结论 临床控制的哮喘患者小气道功能异常和气道炎症持续存在,测定患者小气道功能和诱导痰炎性标志物有助于指导哮喘治疗.

Clinical significance of small airway function and inflammatory markers in induced sputum among patients with clinically controlled asthma

Objective To investigate clinical significance of small airway function and eosinophil (Eos) percentage,levels of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and IL-5 in induced sputum among patients with clinically controlled asthma. Methods Sixty-two patients with clinically controlled asthma were selected for the study. Lung function was performed and percentage of Eos, levels of ECP and IL-5 in induced sputum were measured by Wrights' stain, fluorescence immuno-CAP system and ELISA,respectively. Thirty patients of asthma at acute exacerbation period and 20 healthy subjects were selected as controls. Results In 62 patients with clinically controlled asthma, 43 (69. 4% ) showed abnormal small airway function and 19(30. 6% ) normal one. Percentage of Eos (5. 6 ±2. 9)%], levels of ECP ( 129 ±100) μg/L] and IL-5 (21± 12) μg/L] in induced sputum were significantly lower in patients with clinically controlled asthma than those of asthma at acute exacerbation period ( 16. 2 ± 9. 7 ) %, ( 362 ±182) μg/L and IL-5(51 ±26) μg/L, respectively] (all P ＜0. 01 ), but significantly higher than those in healthy controls ( all P ＜ 0. 01 ). Percentage of Eos, levels of ECP and IL-5 in induced sputum were significantly higher in patients with clinically controlled asthma with abnormal small airway function than those with normal ane (6.9±3.1)% vs. (2.0±1.1)%, (148±90) μg/Lvs. (54±29) μg/L and (24 ±12) μg/L vs. ( 13 ± 5 ) μg/L, respectively] ( all P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusions Abnormal small airway function and airway inflammation persistently exist in patients with clinically controlled asthma and it may be helpful to guild treatment during clinical control to determine small airway function and inflammatory markers in their induced sputum.