中外消防基础类标准比较研究

为明确我国消防综合类标准的发展方向,分别从消防术语标准、消防基础分类标准和消防标识标准3个方面对我国和国际消防标准化组织、美国消防标准研究机构和协会发布的消防基础标准共29项进行了比较研究。结果表明,我国消防术语标准化程度较高,但术语标准体系构成方式不合理;我国的火灾分类标准与国际标准和欧盟标准一致性程度较高;我国消防标识标准化程度不及美国,而且部分标准发布年代较早,已不能满足当前消防工作的需要。因此,建议对我国消防基础术语和专业术语标准进行整合和修订,且采用唯一标准编号的系列标准构成方式;建议参考美国标准修订消防标识类标准,增加的必要的消防安全标识,补充新型消防设备和设施的标识。

Comparative Study on Fire Basic Standards between China and Foreign Countries

From three aspects of fire terminology standards,fire basic classification standards,and fire marking standards,fire general standards involving 29 items issued by Chinese Technical Committee for Fire Protection Standardization,International Organization for Standardization,and fire protection standards research institutions and associations in U.S.A,are compared to clarify the direction of fire general standards of China.The results show that the level of fire terminology standardization in China is higher than that in ISO,but the structure of terminology standard system is unreasonable;Fire classification standard in China is consistent with that in ISO and CEN;The degree of fire marking standardization in China is less than that in U.S.,and due to being approved in earlier years,those fire marking standards can't meet the current needs any more.Therefore,It is suggested that fire general terms and professional terminology standards should be integrated and revised into one standard with only one code which consists a series of sub-standards;fire marking standards should be amended with reference to NFPA standards,necessary fire signs involving public security may be added,and new graphical symbols for fire fighting equipment and facilities should be supplied.