山西省春玉米机械粒收品种筛选与大田示范

为筛选适合山西春玉米区机械粒收品种,2012~2017年在山西长治、襄垣、长子、晋城等4地连续开展8个点次、合计141个品种/组合254个品次的品种筛选试验,以收获时子粒含水率和产量水平作为选择指标,分别进行双向平均法选择和先玉335对照法双向选择,并对141个参试品种进行分类。于2015~2017年在晋城泽州和高平2地对5个代表性品种开展机械籽收大田示范,结果表明,在141个参试品种中,子粒含水率低于平均值、单产高于平均值的合计48个,占比34.0%;与当地对照品种先玉335作对比,产量高于对照、子粒含水率低于或等于对照的品种有10个,占比7.1%。机械粒收大田示范中,平均子粒破碎率为5.15%,略高于国标(GBT-21961—2008)规定的5%水平;产量损失率均值为2.76%,低于5%的国标要求;子粒含水率均值为22.6%。

Cultivars Selection of High Yield Spring Maize Suitable for Mchanical Kernel Harvest and Field Demonstration in Shanxi

From 2012 to 2017, maize cultivar selection tests were carried out under close planting conditions with 8 times, 141 cultivars (combination 254 items) in Changzhi, Zhangzi, Xiangyuan and Jincheng, in Shanxi. The two-way average method and Xianyu335 control two-way selection method were carried out respectlively according to average yield and grain moisture content,and then the 141 tested cultivars were classified into different categories. Five representative cultivars were selected to conduct field demonstration in two places of Jincheng and Gao ping in Shanxi from 2012 to 2017. The results showed, among the 141 tested cultivar, grain moisture content and yields of 48 cultivars accounting for 34.0%were lower and higher respectively than the averages. Compared with the control of Xianyu335, 10 cultivars accounting 7.1%. During the field demonstration, the average grain broken rate was 5.15%, which was higher than the national standard of 5% (GBT-21961-2008).The average yield loss rate was 2.76%, which were lower than the national standard of 5%. The average grain moisture content was 22.6%.