广西普通野生稻的遗传多样性及分布特征

 【目的】对广西境内普通野生稻居群遗传多样性进行研究,明确广西普通野生稻遗传多样性分布与地理特征的关系。【方法】利用36对分布于水稻12条染色体上的微卫星引物对来自广西14个区域（县级行政区域）的27个居群690份普通野生稻材料进行遗传多样性分析。【结果】所有个体平均等位基因数A=9.86,有效等位基因数Ae=5.05,总遗传多样度Ht=0.74,基因分化系数Gst=0.49,说明广西普通野生稻遗传多样性丰富,且居群内与居群间的多样性对总遗传多样性的贡献相当。通过不同区域遗传多样性检测和聚类分析,在遗传一致度为0.5处可把广西普通野生稻分为3个类群。【结论】结合广西的地形及野生稻居群的分布情况,3个类群的形成与山脉的阻隔、水系的分布以及地质结构等影响基因传播途径的特征关系密切。

Genetic Diversity and the Geographical Characteristics of Wild Rice(Oryza rufipogon Griff)in Guangxi

【Objective】 To estimate the genetic diversity of the populations of wild rice (O. rufipogon Griff) in the whole region of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and reveal their geographically distribution characteristics. 【Method】 Thirty-six SSR loci distributed on the twelve chromosomes of rice were used to study the genetic diversity of 690 wild rice individuals of 27 natural populations from 14 regions in Guangxi. 【Result】 The mean number of allele (A) was 9.86 and the effective number of allele(Ae) was 5.05. The total genetic diversity (Ht) was 0.74 and the coefficient of genetic differentiation (Gst) was 0.49, which means that the populations of O. rufipogon in Guangxi has abundant genetic diversity and the genetic variability among and between the populations has the same contribution to the total diversity. The analysis of clusters showed that all the samples could be clustered into 3 groups at the coefficient of 0.5, and each group has its own geographic characteristics. 【Conclusion】 O. rufipogon populations in the whole region of Guangxi was not only rich in genetic diversity, but also has close relationship with their geographical conditions like mountains, water systems and geology.