乳腺癌家系遗传易感基因研究进展

乳腺癌是女性最常见的一种恶性肿瘤，随着细胞生物学和分子生物技术的不断发展，对乳腺癌发病机制的研究也取得了长足进展。家族性乳腺癌与遗传易感基因的突变密切相关，已筛选出3大类乳腺癌遗传相关的高、中、低外显率易感基因，致病基因突变及基因多态性高危位点如何进行鉴定，是对具有遗传倾向性乳腺癌的研究重点，本文将就乳腺癌家系遗传易感基因的研究进展进行综述。 

Progress in identifying genetic susceptibility genes for familial breast cancer

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. With the development of cell biology and molecular biotechnology, great progress has been made in the study of the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Familial breast cancer is closely related to the mutation of susceptible genes. Selected susceptible genes of breast cancer can be grouped into three categories: high-, medium-, and low-penetrance susceptible genes. The means of identifying the high-risk sites of pathogenic mutation and genetic polymorphism is the focus of research on the genetic predisposition of breast cancer.