猫的胆囊及肝外胆道系统植物性神经分布观察——组织化学法和免疫组化法

应用乙酰胆碱酯酶染色,乙醛酸诱发荧光及免疫过氧化物酶(PAP)法,采用铺片和切片,对猫的胆道系统植物性神经分布进行了观察。证明猫的胆道系统植物性神经由胆碱能、肾上腺素能及肽能神经组成两个神经节丛,即粘膜下神经节丛和浆膜下神经节丛。肾上腺素能神经分布于胆囊的浆膜下和粘膜固有层,参与上皮下丛和血管周神经丛的构成。生化检测组织中去甲肾上腺素(NA)含量结果表明:胆囊管NA含量最高,与其它各部位相比差异非常显著(P<0.01),其余各部之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。猫的胆道系统各层亦存在舒血管肠肽(VIP)、P物质(SP)、亮啡肽(L-ENK)及生长抑素(SOM)四种多肽免疫反应性神经,其中VIP最丰富,SP和L-ENK较少,SOM最稀疏,四种肽均以胆胰管括约肌处最为致密。本文并结合肽能神经对胆道系统的作用进行了讨论。

An Immunohistochemical and Histochemical Study on AutonomicInnervation of the Gall Bladder and Bile Ducts in Cats

This paper is to report the autonomic innervation of the gall bladder and extrahepatic bile ducts studied on whole mount stretch preparations and cryostat sections with acetylcholinesterase staining, glyoxylic acid induced fluorescence histochemical method, and PAP immunohistochemical method.The autonomic nerves of the gall bladder and extrahepatic bile dudts in cats consist of two plexuses, composed of cholinergic, adrenergic and peptidergic nerves, and situated in the subserosa and submucosa respectively. They are known as subserosal and submucosal ganglionated plexuses. They distribute in the region from the fundus of the bladder, to the neck and the cystic duct, through the common bile duct downward, finally to the duodenal papilla.The adrenergic nerves mainly run along the, blood vessels, distributing in the serosa and lamina propria of the mucosa of the bladder, and participating in the formation of the subepithelial and perivasctilar plexuses. The adrenergic nerves are most densely distributed in the cystic duct and mosl sparsely in the fundus. This finding is in good agreement with the tissue concentration of noradrenaline(NA) determined with biochemical asssay, which is also the highest in the tissue of the cystic duct. The difference of NA concentration between the cystic duct tissue and other biliary tissues was statistically Gignificant(P<0.01) ,while the difference among the tissues other than that of the cystic duct was not remarkable(P>0.05).Immunohistochemical study revealed that there are 4 kinds of immunoactivc peptidergic nerves, i. e. nerves with vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), substance P(SP), L-enkephalin (L-ENK), and somatostatin (SOM) respectively. The 4 kinds of nerves distribute extensively in all the tissue layers of the ex-trahepatic biliary tract and participate in the formation of all the nerve plexuses. Among them, VIP nerves are the richest, then the SP and L-ENK nerves, and the SOM nerves the sparsest. In general, peptidergic nerves are densely distributed in the sphincter of Oddi.Finally the physiological significance of the peptidergic nerves was discussed.