土地利用景观格局动态分析——以阜康荒漠绿洲为例

阜康荒漠绿洲土地利用景观格局受自然分异和水土资源开发利用程度的制约 ,通过划分景观样带和选取景观空间格局指标 ,本文重点揭示该区域景观格局的变化及其影响因子。结果表明 :( 1 ) 1 987年至 1 998年间阜康土地利用景观格局变化主要表现为耕地面积在洪积扇上增加 ,在冲积平原上下降 ;荒地则刚好相反。林地面积在低山丘陵带和洪积扇带下降 ,在冲积平原上没有变化。牧草地面积在低山丘陵带上升 ,其他各带均下降。城镇面积在各样带上都有所增加 ,水域各带基本不变。 ( 2 )低山丘陵带和洪积扇带景观多样性和均匀度下降 ,优势度上升 ;而冲积平原则多样性和均匀度上升 ,优势度下降。景观破碎度有增加的趋势 ,表明了人为影响的不断增强。

Analysis on the Pattern of Ecological Landscape in Land Utilization —Taking Fukang Desert-oasis as an Example

The spatial pattern of ecological landscape about land utilization in Fukang was influenced heavily by natural difference and the scale of water and land resource development. The characteristic of spatial pattern of ecological landscape was analyzed according to different zone and indexes. This research opened out mainly the changes of the spatial pattern of ecological landscape and the influence factors. The results showed that:(1) From 1987 to 1998 the spatial pattern change of ecological landscape about land utilization in Fukang mainly represented the area of plantation increase in pluvial fan but descend in alluvial plain. The case was on the contrary about badlands.Acreage of woodland decreases in lower mountains, uplands and alluvial plain but no variety in alluvial plain. Acreage of grassland increases in lower mountains, uplands while decreases in other field. Acreage of town increases in each sample field while the acreage of water area remains uncharged. (2) The landscape diversity and evenness was descending, dominance was ascending in lower mountains, uplands in pluvial fan, while it was reverse in alluvial plain. Accessorial fragmentation showed the increasing influence of human being.