大学生悲观——乐观解释风格的比较研究

利用悲观-乐观解释风格量表,对宁波大红鹰学院713名本科生调查问卷并统计分析发现：（1）实验组学生比对照组学生更加悲观;（2）女生比男生悲观;（3）文科学生比理工科学生显得悲观。以上差异在0.95置信水平下均具有显著意义。文章基于统计分析的结果和分析悲观产生的原因,总结了面向全体学生实施心理健康教育的做法;在个别辅导方面,指出了利用塞利格曼的习得性乐观和ABCDE理论,对实验组学生尤其是女同学加强心理指导和追踪的重要性,并提出了实施建议。

College Students’ Pessimistic-Optimistic Explanatory Style

Based on the pessimistic-optimistic explanatory style scale,the present paper conducts a questionnaire analysis of 713 undergraduates in Ningbo Dahongying University.The findings are（1） The experiment group students are more pessimistic than the control group ones;（2）girls are more pessimistic than boys;（3） liberal arts students appear more pessimistic than science and engineering ones.There are great significant differences below the level of 0.95 confidence.Based on the statistical analysis of the results and the analysis of the causes of pessimism,the paper discusses ways to conduct the mental health education for all the students and to use Seligman＇s learned optimism and ABCDE theory for the psychological guidance and tracking of the students in the experiment group,especially girls and proposes concrete suggestions.