铝电解槽熔体涡运动对界面变形影响仿真研究

维持较小的铝电解槽内铝液—电解质界面变形对控制极距（ACD）进而降低电解能耗具有重要的意义。以某300 kA预焙阳极铝电解槽为例,采用有限元分析软件ANSYS和计算流体力学软件CFX进行了电磁流场仿真,解析得到铝液—电解质的界面变形和熔体涡结构分布情况。研究发现,界面在涡结构的内部区域下凹而在涡外部边缘则向上隆起,相邻大涡连接区域的界面隆起高度较大;提高槽内水平电磁力分布的对称性可使熔体涡运动更为均匀,也是减小界面波动并维持规则的界面变形的有效途径。

Simulation Research of the Impact of Melt Vortex Motion on the Interface Deformation in Aluminum Reduction Cells

It is very important to maintain little aluminum-bath interface deformation for the control of ACD(anode cathode distance),thereby the energy consumption could be lowered.In this paper,the electro-magneto-flow field of 300 kA prebaked anode aluminum reduction cell was studied by finite-element analysis software ANSYS and computational fluid dynamics code CFX,then the distribution of interface shape and melt vortex structures were analyzed.Research results show that the interface shape becomes concave inside the vortex structure and humpy outside it,and the uplift height of interface is very large in the hyphenation zone of nearby large vortexes.To minimize the interface fluctuation and maintain regular shape,the symmetry of the horizontal electromagnetic forces should be increased to make the vortex flows more evenly.