露天地下同期开采对边坡变形影响机制研究

露天地下同期开采是近年来出现一种新的开采方式，在2种不同开挖方式（露天开采、地下开采）的扰动叠加作用下，边坡岩体的变形与破坏机制完全不同于单一露天开采作用下的边坡稳定问题。基于工程实例，系统揭示了该种情况下边坡岩体的滑移变形是2种扰动诱发滑移变形矢量的叠加作用，其变形属性取决于每种开挖扰动的作用大小；在合成变形矢量中，其移动特点更多地表现为扰动作用大的属性，但由于每种扰动作用在不同空间位置上作用大小是变化的，表现为2种作用叠加后的滑移机制演化规律具有分区性。结合实际工程的开采特点，运用数值模拟方法，系统地探索了不同开采时序组合下边坡岩体的滑移特点和演化规律，并确定了最小开挖扰动方案，即从下到上的开采顺序，此种方案开采产生的位移量大小以及破坏区域的范围均明显小于由上到下的开采顺序；同时研究了露天地下同期开采边坡滑移机制以及边坡岩体变形的空间属性，从而为同类矿山的开采设计及其安全评价提供了科学依据。

Research on Influencing Mechanism of the Synchronous Mining of Open-pit and Underground on Slope Deformation

The synchronous mining of open-pit and underground is a new mining method in recent years. Under the min-ing disturbance superimpose of two different excavation methods,the deformation and failure mechanism of slope rock mass is completely different from the slope stability problem under the action of single open pit mining. In this paper,based on the en-gineering example,it systematically reveals that the sliding deformation of the slope rock mass is the superposition of slip vector induced by two kinds of mining disturbance,and the deformation property depends on the action of each excavation disturb-ance. The movement characteristics of the composite deformation vector showed the property of large disturbance. But because the function of each kind of disturbance in different space position is different,it is shown that the evolution law of the slip mechanism after the superposition of the two kinds of action has the characteristics of division. According to characteristics of practical engineering exploitation,the numerical simulation method is used to systematically explore the rock slope slip charac-teristics and evolution rules of different mining combination to determine the scheme with minimum excavation disturbance, namely mining order from bottom to top. Under this scheme,the amount of displacement and the range of damage area are obvi-ously smaller than the one from top to bottom. At the same time,the mechanism of slope sliding and the spatial properties of the slope rock mass deformation for the synchronous mining of open-pit and underground are studied,which provides a decision-making basis for the mining design and safety evaluation of similar mines.