台阶爆破效果的熵权物元可拓法综合评价

为准确评价台阶爆破效果，应用物元可拓理论，并选取11个影响台阶爆破效果评价结果的主要因素松散系数、根底率、后裂距离、振动速度、飞散距离、雷管单耗、延米爆破量、大块率、爆堆形态、环境影响、炸药单耗作为评价台阶爆破效果的指标，建立台阶爆破效果综合评价的物元可拓模型。通过隶属函数对分级标准及待评对象进行隶属化，确定经典域、节域及待评物元，消除量纲的影响，弥补特征值可能超出节域而使关联函数失效的缺陷;使用熵权法确定权值，减少主观因素的影响，计算出待评物元与评价等级的联合关联度,依据最大关联度准则对台阶爆破效果等级进行评价。为考察模型的有效性及实用性，将模型应用到洪水台土石方平场工程的4 次深孔台阶爆破实例中进行分析计算，得到台阶爆破效果的综合评价结果。结果表明：该模型评价结果与实际情况完全相符。此方法为综合评价爆破效果提供了一种新的方法。

The Comprehensive Evaluation of Bench Blasting Effect based on the Methods of Entropy-weight and Matter-element Extension

In order to evaluate the effect of bench blasting accurately，the matter-element extension theory is applied，and 11 main factors that affect the bench blasting are selected as the index of evaluating the bench blasting，including loose coefficient，toe rate，back crack distance，blasting vibration，flying distance，detonator consumption，blasted volume per meter，the boulder yield，muck pile profile，environmental impact，and explosive consumption，so as to establish the matter-element extension model for comprehensively evaluate the bench blasting.In order to remedy the defect at failure of the correlation function caused by that the feature value may exceed the joint domain，the bench blasting effect levels standards and the evaluating planning index were normalized by the membership function to determine the classical domain，joint domain and the matter element and to eliminate the influence of dimension.The entropy-weight method was used to confirm the weight of evaluation indicator，reducing the influence of subjective factors，to calculate out the correlation level of the matter element to be evaluated and the evaluation grade.Then，according to the maximum incidence degree criterion，the effect of bench blasting was evaluated comprehensively.In order to study the effectiveness and practicality of the model，the model was applied to four times of bench deep-hole blasting in Hongshuitai field-leveling projects.After analysis and calculation，the comprehensive evaluation result of bench blasting effect was obtained.It can be seen from the results that the evaluation effect of the model is the same as the actual situation.This method provides a new method for comprehensively evaluating the bench blasting effect.