2006—2010年许昌市细菌性食物中毒分析

目的了解许昌市近年来细菌性食物中毒发生概况,尤其是流行特征及实验室检测情况,为食物中毒的判定、治疗、预防和控制提供依据。方法根据GB/T 4789标准和常规食物中毒检验程序操作,对疑似食物中毒的样品进行检验。结果 5年共发生疑似食物中毒事件59起,送检标本574份;其中38起检出致病菌,检出致病菌69株。由单一致病菌引起的食物中毒35起,由混合菌株引起的食物中毒3起。共检出致病菌6种,检出率最高的是沙门菌(25.42%),其次是副溶血性弧菌(13.56%),变形杆菌(10.17%)。各菌对样品的污染情况是:沙门菌以污染肉类为主,副溶血性弧菌以污染水产品为主,变形杆菌以污染肉类和米菜为主。发生细菌性食物中毒的场所以餐饮业最多,其次是学校餐厅。结论该市细菌性食物中毒以沙门菌和副溶血性弧菌为主,多发生在第3和第2季度,应重点加强餐饮业和学校食堂的卫生监管工作,预防和减少细菌性食物中毒的发生。

Bacterial food poisoning in Xuchang City from 2006-2010

Objective]To understand the prevalence of bacterial food poisoning in Xuchang City in recent years,especially the epidemiological characteristics and laboratory testing results,and provide evidence for judgment,treatment,prevention and control of food poisoning.Methods]The detection on samples of suspected food poisoning was based on GB / T 4789 standard and conventional food poisoning testing procedures.Results] A total of 59 incidents of food poisoning occurred in 5 years,with 574 detected samples,38 incidents were detected with pathogens(69 strains).Thirty-five incidents caused by single pathogen,while 3 caused by mixed strains.Six kinds of pathogens were detected,the major was Salmonella(25.42%),followed by Vibrio parahaemolyticus(13.56%),Proteus(10.17%).The pollution characteristics were Salmonella contamination of meat,Vibrio parahaemolyticus contamination of aquatic products,Proteus contamination of meat,rice and vegetables.Most incidents occurred in catering industry followed by school canteen.Conclusion]Most of the bacterial food poisoning incidents caused bySalmonella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in this city,the peak incidence appears in 2nd and 3rd quarter.The health inspection on catering industry and school canteen should be strengthened to prevent and reduce the incidence of bacterial food poisoning.