可变淋巴细胞受体：一种新型的恶性肿瘤诊断治疗试剂

可变淋巴细胞受体(variable lymphocyte receptor, VLR)是2004年于无颌类脊椎动物七鳃鳗(Lampetra japonicum)中发现的一种新型受体。VLR具有分子结构简单、识别抗原种类广泛、对蛋白质和聚糖的结合特异性强且亲和力高、化学性质稳定等多方面优点。研究表明，VLR可识别表达于腺癌和鳞状细胞癌等细胞表面的碳水化合物，以及多发性骨髓瘤浆细胞表面的特异性标志物。VLR经改造后构建的重组分子可用于恶性肿瘤的成像、诊断和治疗。近年来，VLR在抗肿瘤免疫反应中的作用及以其作为疫苗的研究不断深入。本文对VLR研究的最新进展进行综述，以期为进一步的药物开发及临床研究等提供参考。

Variable Lymphocyte Receptor: a Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Reagent for Malignant Tumors

Variable lymphocyte receptor (VLR) is a novel receptor found in the jawless vertebrate Lampetra japonicum in 2004. VLR has many advantages such as simple molecular structure, wide variety of antigen recognition, strong binding specificity, high affinity and chemical stability to protein and polysaccaride. Studies have shown that VLR can recognize carbohydrates expressed on the surface of cells of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. VLR can also recognize specific markers on the surface of multiple myeloma plasma cells. Recombinant molecules composed of VLR can be used for imaging, diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. In recent years, the significance of VLR in anti tumor immune response and research of VLR as a vaccine has expanded. In this paper, we review the latest research progress of VLR, which hopefully will provide a reference for further drug development and clinical research.