家兔死后体表锐器伤出血现象的研究

目的对家兔死后体表锐器损伤出血现象进行研究，以期能够贴近实际办案需要，找到一个更为实用的鉴别生前锐器伤和死后锐器伤的方法。方法家兔脱毛，制作锐器损伤模型，采用大体观察结合HE染色镜下组织病理学观察。结果死后锐器损伤出血量均较少，随着时间延长出血量减少，出血速度慢。死后30min的锐器损伤在形成过程与生前损伤有所区别，但在死后12h肉眼观察结果与生前损伤难以区别。死后1h以上的锐器损伤与生前损伤不同之处在于创缘不会被血染。结论位于尸体低下位置的死后30min内的锐器创与生前锐器创的区别是出血量相对较少。死后60min-90min的锐器伤出血量少，创缘皮肤不被血染，肌肉的出血较局限，与生前损伤相鉴别较容易。

A study on identification of postmortem sharp instrument injuries of rabbit

Objective To present a practical method for distinguish of antemortem sharp instrument injury and postmortem sharp instrument injury. Methods The models of sharp instrument injury were made on depilated rabbits, and then the pathologic features were studied under microscope. Results After death, the hemorrhage quantity and speed of rabbit reduced with time going. 30 minutes after the death, the forming process of sharp instrument injury were different with the antemortem injury, but 12 hours after the death, the visual observation result indicated that it was very difficult to distinguish the postmortem injury from antemortem injury. 1 hour and above after death, the wound edge of the sharp instrument injuries were not dyed by the blood. Conclusion In 60-90 minutes after death, the sharp instrument injuries can be distinguished from antemortem sharp injuries.