基于工艺矿物学的河南某冶炼厂周边土壤污染分析及修复建议

以河南某冶炼厂周围Pb污染土壤为研究对象,基于工艺矿物学,采用离子色谱仪、XRD、EDS、SEM等分析测试手段对其进行了分析研究,研究结果表明:土壤样品中铅主要以PbCO₃的形式存在,其次是Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl₂和PbSO₄,另外还含有少量的PbS;土壤样品颗粒之间相互黏结呈絮团状聚体,颗粒之间界面并不分明,各颗粒表面污浊,样品中偶见立方体结构的方铅矿、斜方体结构或块状的白铅矿等含Pb矿物,另外污染物Pb元素也分布于菱铁矿和褐铁矿中;该研究提出了将物料分离技术应用于重金属污染土壤修复领域的新思路。

Suggestion for Remediation and Analysis on the Contaminated Soil Around a Smelter in Henan Province Based on Process Mineralogy

The study takes a Pb contaminated soil around a smelter in Henan Province as the object. ICP, XRD, EDS, SEM, and other analysis methods were conducted based on process mineralogy. The study results shows that the lead of the soil exists mainly in form of PbCO₃, Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl₂ and PbSO₄, it also contains a small amount of PbS. The microstructure of soil exhibits that the soil particles adhere to each other as flocculent aggregates, the interface between particles is not clear, and the surface of each particle is dirty. The cubic galena and orthorhombic or massive cerussite are occasionally found in the samples, besides, the Pb is also distributed in siderite and limonite. In this study, a new idea of applying material separation technology to remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil is put forward.