基于黑木耳菌渣的辣椒育苗基质筛选研究

为减少资源浪费,降低环境污染,合理利用黑木耳菌渣资源。以腐熟的黑木耳菌渣为对象,结合蛭石和有机肥配制成不同物料构成的配方基质,并以辣椒育苗为目标,从基质理化性质和辣椒幼苗生长指标等方面研究了黑木耳菌渣配方基质对辣椒幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:菌渣∶有机肥∶蛭石(8∶1∶1)和菌渣∶有机肥∶蛭石(7∶1∶2)2个基质配方的全氮、全磷、硝态氮、铵态氮、有效磷、速效钾含量均高于传统的育苗土壤(对照),其上培养的辣椒幼苗的株高、茎粗、叶面积和壮苗指数等指标显著高于对照,而根冠比和干物质等指标与对照相近。菌渣∶有机肥∶蛭石(8∶1∶1)基质配方上培养的辣椒苗的株高、茎粗、叶面积、根冠比和壮苗指数分别比对照提高了102.2%、55.9%、120.7%、1.3%和133.3%;菌渣∶有机肥∶蛭石(7∶1∶2)配方基质的上述指标分别比对照增加110.4%、74.5%、154.7%、9.5%和222.2%。2种基质配方均可用于辣椒育苗。

Screening of Pepper Seedling Substrate Based on Fungus Residue of Auricularia auricula

In order to reduce the waste of resources,reduce environmental pollution and make rational use of fungus dregs of Auricularia auricula,in this study,taking pepper seedling as the test material,the pepper seedling was planted in fungus dregs of Auricularia auricula substrate mixed with vermiculite and organic fertilize,the effects of the formula matrix of Auricularia auricula on the growth of capsicum seedlings were studied from the aspects of physical and chemical properties of substrate and growth index of pepper seedlings.The results showed that the contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,nitrate nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,available phosphorus,available phosphorus and available potassium were higher in the two matrix formulations of ‘fungus residue∶organic fertilizer∶vermiculite(8∶1∶1)’ and ‘fungus residue∶organic fertilizer∶vermiculite(7∶1∶2)’.The plant height,stem diameter,leaf area and seedling strength index of capsicum seedlings were significantly higher than those of the control,but the root-shoot ratio and dry matter were similar to those of the control.The plant height,stem diameter,leaf area,root-shoot ratio and seedling strength index of the pepper seedlings cultured on the ‘fungus residue∶organic manure∶vermiculite(8∶1∶1)’ formula were 102.2%,55.9%,120.7%,1.3% and 133.3% higher than those of the control.The above indexes of ‘fungus residue∶organic fertilizer∶vermiculite(7∶1∶2)’ formula matrix increased 110.4%,74.5%,154.7% and 222.2% than those of control treatment.These two formulation matrices can be used for pepper seedling cultivation.