社区老年人口腔衰弱风险现状及影响因素分析

目的 调查社区老年人口腔衰弱风险现状及影响因素,为制定社区老年人口腔衰弱预防和干预措施提供参考。方法采用一般资料问卷、口腔衰弱指标筛查 8、进食评估问卷、微型营养评估简表和老年口腔健康相关自我效能量表,对泸州市5个社区223名老年人进行调查。结果社区老年人口腔衰弱高风险132人(59.2%)。口腔衰弱风险等级与进食评估问卷得分呈正相关,与微型营养评估简表得分呈负相关(均P<0.05)。有序logistic回归分析显示,年龄、个人月收入、吸烟、口腔健康相关自我效能是社区老年人口腔衰弱风险的主要影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论社区老年人口腔衰弱发生风险高,口腔衰弱风险与吞咽困难程度及营养状况相关;应重视高龄、月收入低、吸烟及口腔健康相关自我效能低的老年人,采取针对性干预措施,以降低老年人口腔衰弱风险。

Oral frailty risk and its influencing factors in community dwelling elderly population

Objective To investigate oral frailty risk and the influencing factors among the community dwelling elderly, aiming to provide references for developing preventive and intervention measures for oral frailty in the elderly population. MethodsA total of 223 elderly people from 5 communities in Luzhou City were investigated by using a self designed general data questionnaire, the Oral Frailty Index 8, the Eating Assessment Tool 10 (EAT 10), the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNS SF) and the Geriatric Self Efficacy scale for Oral Health (GSEOH). ResultsAmong the community dwelling elderly participants, 132(59.2%) were identified at high risk for oral frailty. The oral frailty risk grade was positively correlated with the EAT 10 score and negatively correlated with the MNA SF score (both P<0.05). Ordinal logistic regression analysis revealed that age, personal monthly income, smoking, and oral health related self efficacy were the main influencing factors of oral frailty risk in the community dwelling elderly (all P<0.05). ConclusionThe oral frailty risk in community dwelling elderly population is high, and the oral frailty risk is related to the severity of swallowing difficulties and nutritional status. It is essential to pay attention to individuals with advanced age, low monthly income, smoking habits, and low oral health related self efficacy, and implement targeted intervention measures to reduce the risk of oral frailty in the elderly.