湖州市双林镇社区人群乙肝免疫效果分析

目的乙型病毒性肝炎是乙肝病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)引起的传染性疾病,针对乙肝流行态势,探讨乙肝疫苗对成人的免疫效果。方法在双林镇随机抽取1 216人,共分为5个组,A组16～周岁;B组25～周岁;C组30～周岁;D组35～周岁;E组40～49周岁,男性579人,女性637人,按"0,1,6"程序接种乙肝疫苗,采用化学发光法定量检测HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc。数据统计采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果本组共调查1 216人,全程接种率为91.87%,免疫前、后阳性率分别为34.05%和96.71%,阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);免疫后1年的抗HBs阳性率为86.27%,比免疫后1个月下降10.80%(P<0.05),随着年龄的增长,抗-HBs水平明显下降。结论成人接种20μg/ml乙肝疫苗可获得较好的免疫效果,提示开展成人乙肝免疫,可有效提高成人乙肝免疫屏障,为成人是否需要接种乙肝疫苗提供科学依据。

Analysis on immune effect of hepatitis B vaccine among residents in Shuanglin county

Objective To analyze the immune effect of hepatitis B vaccine among residents in Shuanglin county of Huzbou. Methods A total of 1216 residents aged 16-49 years were randomly selected and were divided into 5 groups based on their age. 579 were male residents, the rest were females. All subjects were immunized with 20 μg/ml hepatitis B vaccine according to the schedule of ＂ 0, 1, 6＂, and HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc were measured by chemiluminescence method. Data were analyzed usingΧ^2 test. Results The whole coverage of hepatitis B vaccine was 91.87%. The positive rates of anti -HBs were 34.05% and 96.71% prior to and after the vaccination and the difference was significant （P〈 0.05） . Moreover, the positive rate of anti -HBs was 86.27% one year after the vaccination, which was 10.80% less compared to that of one month after （P 〈0.05） . The level of anti-HBs decreased with age. Conclusions It is suggested that immunization with 20 μg/ml hepatitis B vaccine for adults is able to provide an ideal immune effects in order to protect them from HBV infection.