青少年特发性脊柱侧凸青春期生长发育形态学特征

目的探讨青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(adolescentidiopathicscoliosis,AIS)患儿青春期生长发育的形态学特征。方法对256例12～16岁(平均14.1岁)AIS女性患儿及462例12～16岁(平均14.3岁)健康非侧凸女孩的大体形态学资料进行分析。AIS诊断标准为冠状面上>10°的脊柱侧凸畸形。观测指标包括身高、坐高、臂长及月经状况。采用Bjure公式计算校正身高及校正坐高。AIS组及对照组的各项指标进行比较分析。结果AIS组与对照组的年龄构成比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。从研究群体看,AIS组的身高、坐高以及臂长与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但校正身高、校正坐高显著高于对照组(P<0.01),且月经来潮早于对照组(P<0.01)。从各年龄组看,12岁时,AIS组的校正身高、校正坐高、臂长与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),甚至AIS组校正前平均身高低于对照组。13～15岁,AIS组的校正身高、校正坐高、臂长显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。16岁时,虽然AIS组的校正身高及校正坐高略高于对照组(P<0.05),但身高、坐高以及臂长与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论AIS患儿青春期生长发育存在形态学的异常,这可能与其发病机制有关。

Anthropometric characteristics of growth and pubertal development in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Objective To investigate the pubertal growth patterns and anthropometric characteristics of the patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS) by anthropometry measurements. Methods The anthropometric data of 256 AIS girls were collected. The mean age of diagnosis was 14.1 years old(from 12 to 16 years old). The children with more than 10 degree of the scoliosis angle at coronal level were diagnozed as AIS. The control group consisted of 462 age-matched health girls. Four variables were measured: height, sitting height, arm span and menstrual states. Height and sitting height were adjusted using Bjure formula to make up the height loss from spinal deformity. The above variables were analyzed between AIS group and the controls. Results There were no differences in the composition of age between two groups. There were no significant differences in height,sitting height and arm span between the 256 cases of AIS girls and the 462 controls. However, the corrected height and sitting height were significantly higher in AIS than those of the controls. The menstrual onset time was earlier in AIS than that in controls. There were no statistical differences in corrected height, corrected sitting height and arm span between AIS girls and the controls at the age group of 12 years old. On the contrary, the AIS girls showed shorter uncorrected height than the controls did at this age. However, the scoliotic girls were found in the corrected height, the corrected sitting height and the arm span significantly taller than the controls between ages of 13 and 15 years. There were significant differences in corrected height and corrected sitting height between AIS girls and the controls at the age of 16 years old, while no difference were found in the variables of height, sitting height and arm span. Conclusion There is an abnormal growth pattern in AIS during pubertal growth spurt, which may be related to the pathogenesis of AIS.