微柱凝胶试验技术在新生儿溶血病检测中的应用

目的探讨采用微柱凝胶试验技术进行新生儿溶血病（HDN）血型血清学检测的可行性。方法采用微柱凝胶试验技术对疑为ABO型新生儿溶血病的153例黄疸患儿做“三项试验”，即：①红细胞抗球蛋白试验；②抗体放散试验；③血清游离抗体试验。结果①153例黄疸患儿与其母均为ABO血型不合。即母亲血型均为0型，Rh（D）阳性。母亲血清中ABO血型以外抗体筛查均为阴性。母-婴血型O-A者为78例，O-B者为75例。②共检出ABOHDN者为127例。其中，母-婴血型O-A者为66例，占84．62％（66／78）。O—B者为61例，占81．33％（61／75）。两组比较差异无显著性（x^2=0．0015，P〉0．01）。结论微柱凝胶试验技术进行HDN血型血清学检查，具有敏感性高，操作简便，标本用量少，结果易判定等优点，值得临床推广应用。

The application of gel microcolmnn assay to detect hemolytic disease in the newborn

Objective To investigate the feasibility of gel microcolumn assay for the blood group serology testing in hemolytic disease of the newborn （HDN）. Methods Direct antiglobulin test, antibody release test and free antibody test were performed in 153 cases suspected of hemolytic disease of the newborn using gel microcolunm assay. Results （1）The ABO blood group of 153 cases were incompatible with their mothers： All the mothers were O type, and Rh（D） -positive. The maternal antibody screen was negative. The blood group type O- A of motherinfant was 78 cases and O - B was 75 cases. （2）ABO HDN was detected in 127 cases. Among them, type O - A was 66 cases, accounting for 84.62% （66/ 78 ） ; type O - B was 61 cases, accounting for 81.33% （61/75 ）. There was no sitgtificant difference between the two groups （ x^2 = 0.0015, P 〉 0.01 ）. Conclusion Gel microcolumn assay for blood group serology testing of HDN is a simple, sensitive method with minimal sample volume requirement.