儿童尿路感染和原发性膀胱输尿管返流

目的通过了解尿路感染（UTI）患儿中原发性膀胱输尿管返流（VUR）的发病情况，及时发现膀胱输尿管返流。方法1999年1月～2004年12月收治尿路感染患儿143例，按年龄分成三组，比较不同年龄组VUR的发病情况。按尿路感染发生的次数分首次尿感组和反复尿感组，比较VUR发病情况。结果不同年龄组的UTI患儿VUR的发病率依次为36．36％、34．78％和15．09％，有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。首次尿感组和反复尿感组的VUR发病率分别为13．68％和52．65％，有极显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论1岁以内（包括1岁）的UTI患儿中VUR的发病率显著高于5岁以上的患儿，且易形成肾疤痕，因此UTI患儿应常规行排泄性膀胱尿路X线造影；对l～5岁的UTI病人，由于仍处于肾疤痕的好发期，VUR的发病率也较高，应放宽行排泄性膀胱尿路X线造影的指征而及早发现VUR。反复尿感的患儿根据病情和实验室检查，及时行排泄性膀胱尿路X线造影可早期发现VUR。

Relationship Between Urinary Tract Infection and Primary Vesicoureteric Reflux in Children

Objective To investigate the incidence of primary vesicoureteric reflux among urinary tract infections in children in ordor to detect primary vesicoureteric reflux on time. Methods One hundred and forty-three hospitalized children with urinary tract infection during Jan 1999 to Dec 2004 were divided into three groups based on their age.The incidence of vesicoureteric reflux was compared in the three groups.All cases were divided into two groups according to the frequency of urinary tract infection,and the incidence of vesicoureteric reflux was compared between two groups. Results The occurrence of vesicoureteric reflux in three age-based groups was significantly different(P<0.05).There was significant difference between the group with incipient urinary tract infection and the group with recurrent urinary tract infection(P<0.01). Conclusion The study showed that cystourethrography should be performed on children with recurrent urinary tract infection and on infants at or below 1 year old of age in case accompanied with urinary tract infection,as vesicoureteric reflux can be detected earlier with cystourethrography.