全株水稻与平菇菌糠共发酵料对浏阳黑山羊屠宰性能、肉品质和器官指数的影响

本试验旨在研究全株水稻与平菇菌糠共发酵料对浏阳黑山羊屠宰性能、肉品质和器官指数的影响。试验依据日粮不同分为两个组，试验组为65%精补料+35%全株水稻与平菇菌糠共发酵料，对照组为65%精补料+35%全株玉米青贮料。采用随机区组设计，选取18只体重为（15.53±2.22） kg的浏阳黑山羊，根据性别相同及体重相近原则首先组成9对，再随机分入两组，每组3个重复，每个重复2雌1雄共3只羊。预试期10 d，正试期60 d。结果表明：试验组肌肉失水率、肌纤维面积、脾脏指数显著低于对照组（P<0.05），其中失水率降低18.27%、肌纤维面积降低11.24%、脾脏指数降低27.78%；试验组肌肉pH_24h、熟肉率、肌纤维密度显著高于对照组（P<0.05），其中肌肉pH_24h高10.53%、熟肉率高5.29%、肌纤维密度高9.28%；其余指标，包括宰前活重、胴体重、屠宰率、眼肌面积、GR值、pH_45min、亮度、红度、黄度、剪切力、肌纤维直径、心脏指数、肝脏指数、肺脏指数和肾脏指数，差异不显著。由此可见，相对全株玉米青贮料而言，饲喂全株水稻与平菇菌糠共发酵料对浏阳黑山羊屠宰性能无不良影响，而且羊的肉品质更好；至于引起脾脏指数降低，其原因尚待探究。

Effects of feeding co-fermented whole plant rice and spent mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus)substrate on slaughter performance,meat quality and organ size indexes of Liuyang black goats

The objective of this study was to investigate the slaughter performance， meat quality and organ size indices of Liuyang black goats fed co-fermented whole plant rice and spent mushroom （Pleurotus ostreatus） substrate （SMS）. Eighteen healthy Liuyang black goats were first allocated to 9 pairs of the same sex and similar body weight （15.53±2.22） kg， and then randomly divided into two treatment groups， Trial and Control. Finally the two treatment groups were each subdivided into 3 replicates of 3 goats， with 2 females and 1 male in each replicate treatment group. The Trial group were fed 65% refined feed+35% whole plant rice co-fermented with SMS， while the Control group were fed 65% refined feed+35% whole plant maize silage. Following 10 days for diet adaptation， the trial itself lasted 60 d. Results revealed that water loss rate， muscle fiber area and spleen index in the Trial group were， respectively， 18.27%， 11.24% and 27.78% lower （P<0.05） than those in the Control group， whereas pH_24h， cooked meat rate and muscle fiber density in the Trial group were， respectively， 10.53%， 5.29% and 9.28% higher （P<0.05） than those in the Control group. Other indicators， including slaughter weight， carcass weight， dressing percentage， loin muscle area， GR value， pH_45min， lightness， redness， yellowness， shear force， muscle fiber diameter， and heart， liver， lung and kidney weight indices did not differ statistically between the Trial and Control groups. The reason for the decrease in spleen index remains to be explored. In conclusion， feeding co-fermented whole plant rice and SMS had no adverse effect on the slaughter performance of Liuyang black goats and the meat quality was improved， compared with the treatment group fed whole-plant corn silage.