厌氧氨氧化反应器脱氮性能及细菌群落多样性分析

采用提高进水NH_4~+-N和NO_2~--N浓度的方式将上流式厌氧过滤床(UBF)反应器的容积负荷由0.52 kg·(m~3·d)~(-1)增大至2.75 kg·(m~3·d)~(-1),NH_4~+-N、NO_2~--N和TN的去除率也相应地分别从76.18%、53.47%、55.66%增大至94.04%、86.97%、82.96%.同时,采用Illumina高通量测序分析技术,对UBF厌氧氨氧化反应器内微生物的分布规律进行了研究.结果表明,反应器中的脱氮细菌较为丰富,其中变形菌门、浮霉菌门和硝化螺旋菌门分别占27.9%~39.9%、1.1%~26.4%和0.035%~0.188%.反应器运行过程中,反应器中的浮霉菌门Planctomycetes和变形菌门Proteobacteria分别由1.1%、27.9%增加至26.4%、39.9%.其中,浮霉菌门的丰度增大最为显著,其包含的Brocadiacea科达到了24.57%,成为优势菌群,Brocadiacea科主要包含Candidatus brocadia属.Alpha多样性指数和物种相对丰度聚类图分析表明反应器内微生物群落多样性逐渐减小,微生物群落结构产生了显著变化.

Nitrogen Removal Characteristics and Diversity of Microbial Community in ANAMMOX Reactor

The volume loading of upflow blanket filter increased from 0.52 kg·(m³·d)^-1to 2.75 kg·(m³·d)^-1 by improving the influent NH₄⁺-N and NO₂^--N concentrations. The removal efficiency of NH₄⁺-N, NO₂^--N and TN increased from 76.18%, 53.47%, 55.66% to 94.04%, 86.97%, 82.96% respectively. Meanwhile, the microbial community of UBF ANAMMOX reactor was analyzed by Illumina high-throughput sequencing during the initial and later operational process. The results indicated that the denitrifying bacteria coexisted in the reactor. The percentages of Planctomycetes, Proteobacteria and Nitrospirae in the sludge were 27.9%-39.9%, 1.1%-26.4% and 0.035%-0.188%, respectively. The proportions of Planctomycetes and Proteobacteria increased from 1.1%, 27.9% in the enrichment stage to 26.4%, 39.9% in the stable operation stage respectively. In addition, Planctomycetes increased significantly. The proportion of Brocadiacea reached 24.57%. Therefore, Brocadiacea became the dominant bacteria in the phylum Planctomycete, which contained Candidatus brocadia. The alpha diversity index and relative abundance of clustering figure indicated that the diversity of microbial community decreased gradually and the structure of microbial community changed obviously.