生物强化高β-胡萝卜素甘薯对儿童维生素A营养干预研究

目的研究通过生物强化技术培育的高β-胡萝卜素甘薯对儿童维生素A营养的改善作用,探讨解决人群维生素A缺乏的新途径。方法抽取四川省某县2个乡111名3～10岁维生素A缺乏和边缘性缺乏的儿童作为研究对象,按年龄、性别、血清维生素A水平随机分为干预组(n=56)和对照组(n=55),干预组每人每日食用高β-胡萝卜素甘薯(110g,β-胡萝卜素含量为52.8μg/g),对照组食用等量当地普通甘薯(β-胡萝卜素含量为2.3μg/g),干预期56d;干预前后分别对受试者进行24h膳食调查、测量身高、体重、血清维生素A含量,干预期间记录儿童膳食和患病情况。结果最终样本量为98人(干预组49人,对照组49人);干预期间儿童膳食和疾病情况无明显差异;干预后,干预组儿童血清维生素A水平(117μg/L)增加量明显高于对照组(58μg/L)(P<0.01);维生素A缺乏改善率干预组(63.3%)明显高于对照组(42.9%),两组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论生物强化高β-胡萝卜素甘薯能明显改善维生素A缺乏儿童的营养状况,这可能成为解决儿童维生素A缺乏问题的有效途径。

STUDY ON THE NUTRITIONAL INTERVENTION OF BIOFORTIFIED BETA-CAROTENE RICH SWEET POTATO ON VITAMIN A STATUS OF CHILDREN

Objective To determine the efficacy of biofortified β-carotene rich sweet potato on improving the vitamin A nutrition status of children. Method One hundred and eleven children aged 3-10 years with serum retinol <300 μg/L from two counties of Sichuan province were randomly assigned to two groups (treatment group and control group) by sex, age and serum retinol concentration. The subjects consumed the sweet potatoes 5 d/w for 8 w. The treatment group (n=56) consumed β-carotene rich sweet potato (110 g/d, 52.8μg/g β-carotene), and the control group (n=55) consumed local sweet potato (110g/d, 2.3 μg/g β-carotene). Height, weight and serum retinol concentrations were measured at baseline and end of the study respectively. The situation of diet and disease was recorded during the intervention. Results The final number of children who completed the study was 98 (49 for each group). The food intakes and occurrence of diseases were insignificantly different between two groups. The serum retinol concentration of children in the treatment group increased significantly compared with the control group (P<0.01) after intervention. The effective rate was 63.3% in treatment group and 42.9% in control group, and the difference was significant between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion The biofortified β-carotene rich sweet potato can obviously improve the vitamin A nutrition status of children with vitamin A deficiency. This will become a new and hopeful way to resolve the vitamin A deficiency problem.