用手持式农药速测仪酶法现场测定蔬菜中有机磷及氨基甲酸酯农药残毒

检测蔬菜中有机磷类及氨基甲酸酯类农药残留通常采用气相色谱、色谱-质谱联用1]等方法, 不适应现场快速检测的要求. 关于快速分析方法, 国外主要采用电化学酶传感器法2], 还有微孔板酶标仪法3]. 前者存在电极易受污染且需再生处理的麻烦; 后者难以实现现场检测. 国内报道的有酶抑制光度法4]、单点目视比色法及速测卡法等, 其中目视比色法和速测卡法虽然具有操作简便等优点, 但由于实验误差较大, 灵敏度较低, 只能作为定性分析. 本文在前期工作的基础上5,6], 研制了一种体积小(140 mm×70 mm×30 mm)、重量轻(整机180 g)、能耗低(电池可连续使用50 h)且现场实用的手持式农药残毒速测仪, 开发了专用试剂包并建立了蔬菜中有机磷类及氨基甲酸酯类农药残毒的现场分析方法, 对6种蔬菜及速冻玉米样品进行了实际检测, 并与GC-MS方法1]进行了对照, 结果令人满意.

Rapid on-site Determination of the Toxicity of Organophosphates and Carbamates in Vegetables by Enzyme Catalytic Dynamic Photometry with Handheld Pesticide Analyzer

A simple, convenient and on-site determination method and the corresponding handheld analyzer for monitoring toxicity of organophosphates and carbamates in vegetables were developed based on enzyme catalytic dynamic photometry. Variousexperimental parameters were studied and optimized. The toxicity level can be judged according to the enzyme inhibition rate directly displayed on the analyzer. The method is rapid, with an average analysis time of 6-8 min for per sample. It is of practicality and great value, and can effectively be applied for monitoring the toxicity of pesticides, such as organophosphates and carbamates, commonlYUsed for vegetables.