激光热处理对1Cr5Mo钢焊接接头组织结构的影响

利用CO_2激光对1Cr5Mo耐热钢焊接接头进行表面热处理,通过4XC型光学显微镜对激光热处理前后焊接接头各区显微组织和晶粒度等级进行分析,并采用X射线应力仪测定激光热处理前后焊接接头残余应力和残余奥氏体的分布规律。结果表明:经激光热处理后1Cr5Mo耐热钢焊接接头表面晶粒发生细化,焊缝区、熔合区、过热区和正火区晶粒等级由9级、9.8级、8级和10.7级提升至10级、10.2级、8.5级和11级,组织结构薄弱区域由过热区、焊缝区和熔合区减少为过热区,均匀性得到了明显改善;激光热处理消除了焊接接头表面残余拉应力,形成了深度约为0.28mm的残余压应力层,残余奥氏体含量有所提高,分布更均匀,有利于改善其力学性能。

Effect of Laser Heat Treatment on Microstructures of 1Cr5Mo Steel Welded Joint

The surface of 1Cr5Mo heat-resistant steel welded joint was treated with CO2 laser,the microstructure and grain size grades of welded joints before and after laser heat treatment (LHT) were analyzed with 4XC type optical microscope (OM),and the distribution of residual stress and retained austenite content in the surface of the welded joints were measured with X-ray diffraction (XRD) stress tester.The results show that the grains of 1Cr5Mo steel welded joints are refined by LHT,and the microstructure uniformity improves significantly,the grain levels of welded zone,fusion zone,overheated zone and normalized zone increase from level 9,level 9.8,level 8 and level 10.7 to level 10,level 10.2,level 8.5 and level 11 respectively,the mechanical weak areas reduce from overheated zone,welded zone and fusion zone to the overheated zone.The tensile residual stress in the welded joint surface is eliminated by LHT and a layer of compressive residual stress with thickness of about 0.28mm is formed.The residual austenite content in the welded joint surface increases after LHT,of which the distribution is more uniform and conducive to the improvement of mechanical properties.