尼龙6/橡胶/天然粘土纳米复合材料的制备及其力学性能

采用一种新型的超细全硫化粉末橡胶/蒙脱土复合粉末(UFPRM),可以制备出剥离型的尼龙6/橡胶/天然粘土(尼龙6/UFPRM)纳米复合材料,所用的橡胶是一种具有特殊结构的超细全硫化粉末橡胶(UFPR).微观分析表明,橡胶粒子在尼龙6基体中分散良好,同时天然粘土在橡胶粒子之间的基体中剥离.在一定份数下,复合粉末可以同时提高尼龙6的韧性、刚性及耐热性;随着复合粉末含量的增加,材料的冲击强度进一步增加.而且,复合粉末对高分子量尼龙6的增强、增韧效果好于低分子量尼龙6.进一步研究发现,在适当的剪切速率下,尼龙6/橡胶/天然粘土纳米复合材料可以获得较好的综合力学性能.

Preparation and mechanical properties of nylon6/rubber/unmodified clay nanocomposites

Exfoliated nylon6/rubber/unmodified clay nanocomposites were prepared on basis of a novel compound of ultra-fine full-vulcanized powdered rubber/montmorillonite(UFPRM).The rubber in the nanocomposites is a kind of ultra-fine full-vulcanized powdered rubber(UFPR) with special structure.Microscopic morphologies of nylon6/rubber/unmodified clay(nylon6/UFPRM) nanocomposites indicated that UFPR particles were well dispersed in nylon6,and the unmodified clay was exfoliated in the matrix among the UFPR particles.At a certain loading of UFPRM,UFPRM could improve the toughness,stiffness and heat resistance of nylon6 simultaneously.Adding UFPRM resulted in a further increase in toughness of nylon6.The toughing and reinforcing effects of UFPRM to high molecular weight nylon6 was better than these to low molecular weight nylon6.Further research showed that nylon6/rubber/unmodified clay nanocomposites exhibited well balanced mechanical property at an optimum screw speed.