福建省人体肠道原虫病调查分析

目的 了解福建省人体肠道原虫病流行现状。方法 按全国统一调查方案,以分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取15个调查县(市、区),每个县(市、区)调查5个点,每个调查点调查人数不少于250人。每份标本采用卢戈氏碘液涂片法与生理盐水直接涂片法检查肠道原虫包囊或滋养体。结果 共调查15县(市、区)75个点(村)10 652人,阳性者222人,各种肠道原虫总感染率为2.08%。检出6种肠道原虫,即人芽囊原虫、微小内蜒阿米巴、结肠内阿米巴、哈门氏内阿米巴、波列基内阿米巴及蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫,其感染率分别为0.79%、0.58%、0.41%、0.18%、0.09%与0.02%。男性感染率为0.84%,女性为1.25%,女性高于男性(χ²=8.8126,P<0.05)。感染者最大年龄86岁,最小3岁,以高年龄组(56岁以上)为主,占38.3%。感染者分布于多种职业,其中农民占77.9%,其次为学生占14.4%。调查地区感染率以平潭为最高7.04%,其次为漳浦4.62%与周宁3.92%。浙闽山地丘陵生态功能区感染率为1.52%(83/5469),滇桂粤中部闽南山地丘陵生态功能区为2.68%(139/5183),两者差异具有统计学意义(χ²=17.674,P<0.01)。结论 本次调查的人群原虫总感染率大幅降低,感染虫种明显减少,并以人芽囊原虫为常见的肠道原虫,应列为今后防制重点。

Human intestinal protozoa diseases in Fujian Province,China

We investigated the present epidemic status of human parasitic diseases in Fujian Province. According to the unified methods formulated by the national investigation scheme and stratified cluster random sampling, 15 counties were selected in Fujian Province. Five pilots were selected in the county. The number of the subjects investigated in individual pilot was defined over 250. The cyst and trophozoite of intestinal protozoa were examined by method of direct saline smear and iodine staining. In addition, Kato-Katz thick smear was applied to detecting the eggs of intestinal helminthes. Results showed that altogether 75 pilot sites of 15 counties were selected and clustered random sampling. A total of 10 652 people were detected, and 222 people was positive, six species of intestinal protozoa were identified and infection rates were as follows: Blastocystis hominis (0.79%), Endolimax nana (0.58%), Entamoeba coli (0.41%), Entamoeba hartmanni (0.18%), Entamoeba polecki (0.09%), and Giardia lamblia (0.02%). The infection rates were 0.84% and 1.25% in males and females, the later was much higher than the former (P<0.05). The eldest infection was 86, the youngest was 3. The infection were mainly in high age group (38.3%), which was above 56 years old. The infection were distributed in many occupations, among which 77.9% were peasants, 14.4% were students. The rate of regional infection in Pingtan was the highest, followed by Zhangpu 4.62%, Zhouning 3.92%. The infection rate of ecological functional areas was 1.52% (83/5 469) in hills of Zhejiang and Fujian, 2.68% (139/5 183) in the middle of Southern hills of Yunnan, Guangxi and Guangdong. And the difference was statistically significant (χ²=17.674, P<0.01). The total infection rate of protozoa was greatly reduced in this investigation. And the number of infection species was decreased. Blastocystis hominis,the common intestinal protozoa should be listed as the focus of future control.