海洋碳汇作用机理与发展对策

为应对全球性气候变化,提高对海洋碳汇的科学认知,文章介绍海洋碳汇及其碳循环模式,分析海洋碳汇面临的困境,并提出相关建议。研究结果表明:碳分为黑碳、褐碳、绿碳和蓝碳4种类型,其中蓝碳即海洋碳汇,即通过海洋固定和储存二氧化碳,是全球碳循环的重要机制;海洋碳汇由溶解度泵、生物泵和微型生物泵3种碳泵共同完成,其中依赖海洋微生物的微型生物泵储碳效率最高;海洋碳汇正面临生境基础退化和海洋酸化加剧的问题,未来应针对问题加强政策性管理和保护以及加强科学技术研究和实践。

Mechanism and Development Countermeasures of Marine Carbon Sinks

In order to cope with global climate change and improve the scientific understanding of marine carbon sinks,this paper introduced marine carbon sinks and their carbon cycle models,analyzed the difficulties faced by marine carbon sinks,and put forward relevant suggestions.The results showed that carbon could be divided into four types: black carbon,brown carbon,green carbon and blue carbon.Blue carbon,also called marine carbon sink,is an important mechanism of global carbon cycle by fixing and storing carbon dioxide through the ocean.Marine carbon sink is accomplished by three carbon pumps: solubility pump,biological pump and microbial carbon pump,among which microbial carbon pump relies on marine microorganisms and has the highest carbon storage efficiency.Marine carbon sinks are facing the deterioration of habitat base and the intensification of ocean acidification.In the future,policy management and protection should be strengthened,as well as scientific and technological research and practice should also be strengthened.