STAMP模型及其在核电厂DCS安全分析中的应用展望

数字化控制是核电发展的必然趋势，核电厂数字化控制系统（Digital Control System，DCS）的应用在提高核电厂系统控制能力的同时也增加了系统的复杂性，以事件链模型为基础的传统安全分析技术面临挑战。为提高核电厂DCS的安全性能，需要关注安全工程领域的新研究成果，将其引入到核电安全领域并加以研究。本文介绍一种新的基于系统理论的事故模型和过程（Systems-Theoretic Accident Modeling and Processes，STAMP）安全模型，对比分析了其与传统安全模型的优缺点，说明了基于STAMP的风险分析（STAMP-Based Hazard Analysis, STPA）技术的基本步骤，并根据STAMP在国内外的应用情况，对STAMP在我国核电领域的发展前景进行了展望。

STAMP Model and Its Application Prospect in DCS Safety Analysis of Nuclear Power Plant

The application of DCS （Digit Control System） is a certain trend for the development of nuclear power. DCS not only improves the control capability of nuclear power system, but also increases the com- plexity of the system. Traditional safety analysis techniques based on event-chain model are facing challen- ges. In order to improve the safety performance of nuclear power DCS, the latest research achievement in the field of safety engineering should be focused, studied and applied into nuclear power safety. This paper introduces a new safety analysis model named STAMP （Systems-Theoretic Accident Modeling and Proces- ses） based on the system theory, analyzes its advantages and disadvantages compared with the traditional ones, and explains the basic steps of STPA （ STAMP-Based Hazard Analysis） technology . Finally, ac- cording to the application status of STAMP at home and abroad, it prospects the development of STAMP in China＇s nuclear power safety.