空冷型自动追光百叶帘式光伏窗的应用研究

简述了国内外光伏技术在建筑窗体上的研究及应用现状,设计了一种自动追光百叶帘式光伏窗,将薄膜太阳能光伏片取代传统百叶帘中的百叶并内置于中空双层窗中,调节室内采光量的同时还能获得电能收益。通过光敏元件的控制使其具有追踪太阳光的能力,光伏百叶倾角的调节过程将形成扰流,加速空冷散热,进而提高光电转换效率。此外,利用不同的工作模式将散热量与室内外进行热量交换,进一步提升了光伏的发电效率,极大降低了室内建筑能耗,在建筑环境与能源应用领域拥有着广大的市场前景。

Air-cooled Photovoltaic Blinds with Automatic Sun Tracking System

This paper summarizes the domestic and foreign photovoltaic in architectural form, and designs a new type of air - cooled photovoltaic blind with automatic sun tracking system to solve the problems of low solar radiation receiving capacity of conventional photovoltaic windows and the problems of architectural lighting and ventilation. It replaces the traditional Venetian blinds with the thin-film solar photovoltaic sheets and put in the hollow double window to adjust the amount of indoor lighting and get electric energy revenues. This system is able to track the sun 's rays by the photosensitive element, and photovoltaic shutter angle adjustment will bring in disturbed flow formation, thereby accelerating the air cooling heat dissipation and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency. In addition, photovoltaic windows have four basic working modes: internal circulation heating mode in winter, outer circulation cooling mode in summer, fully enclosed mode and full lighting mode, which enable transfer heat between the indoor and outdoor environment. The first two models automatically track the sun by the light sensor, and the signal will be processed by the intelligent processor to drive the motor to control the tilt angle of the photovoltaic louver components, so that the sun directly irradiate to the photovoltaic louvre components, which fully accept the light and improve power production. Therefore, the system not only obtain the maximum radiation through the automatic tracking of sunshine, but also ensure the temperature of the photovoltaic cell not too high through the winter and summer internal and external cooling cycle mode, which improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic window. In addition, the summer cycle and the winter cycle can not only have a cooling effect on the PV cell itself, but also greatly reduce the indoor load to achieve the effect of building energy efficiency. Three kinds of photovoltaic windows with different structures were shown in this paper. Under the same environmental conditions, the operating temperatures of three kinds of PV windows, such as automatic shutter louver, sealed PV window and external PV panel were compared in winter and summer. Sealed photovoltaic panels are sealed outside the glass and without the internal and external circulation channel structure, while external photovoltaic panels are placed directly on the building wall surface of the exterior photovoltaic structure. The results of the comprehensive study show that the establishment of venetian blind window system has certain advantages compared with the other two structures either in lighting, generating electricity or in reducing the indoor load. In addition, the system will help the integration of solar constructions, provide electricity for the building room, and greatly reduce the building energy consumption. For ordinary households, the reduction of building energy consumption means that the initial investment and the operating costs of air conditioning and heating can be reduced;the reception of electricity and effective thermal energy means a reduction in electricity and conventional energy costs. For the country, the reduction in building energy consumption means that it can reduce the power load and other conventional energy load. For the society, it is advisable to make full use of solar energy and reduce the use of conventional energy sources such as coal, oil and natural gas, which effectively reduce emission of greenhouse gas and reflect the principles of sustainable development of society.