稀土价格形成机制及我国的策略

中国是世界上最大的稀土供给国，却缺乏稀土价格的控制力。文章从供给、需求、成本三个角度为切入点，以市场、企业、产业、政府为主要论述主体，完整的叙述了稀土价格形成机制。得出中国稀土供给失衡的主要原因是博弈能力不强，稀土战略储备能力等决定着稀土的短期价格，稀土的需求是稀土长期价格走势的决定因素。我国稀土的生产成本较高，稀土的价格没有反应出环境成本。最后，根据价格形成机制得出我国应该采取完善储备体系、建立价格预警机制、开发稀土中上游产品、健全稀土产业环境法规等策略。

The formation mechanism of price for rare earth and the strategies of China

As the largest countries of rare earth supplier,China lacks the control of rare-earth prices. The thesis is written with three angels as the starting point, including supply, demand and cost. Regarding the market, firm, industry, government as the main subject discussed ,narrating the formation of the rare earth completely. Getting the conclusion that the reason for supply imbalance is due to the lack of games capabilities. The short-term price of rare earthis determined by the rare earth reserve capacity. Demand for rare earth is the determined factor of long-term price trend. The production cost of rare earth is much higher and the environment cost is not reflected on the current rare earth price. At last, we get the corresponding strategies that China should adopt to improve the reserve system , establish the early warning mechanism of price, develop the upstream product of rare earth,sound the environmental regulations of rare earth industry etc, duo to the formation mechanism of price for rare earth.