隔膜条件下骨再生成骨细胞来源的实验观察

目的:研究在隔膜条件下引导性骨再生过程中成骨细胞的来源,进一步认识引导性骨再生的机制.方法:以成年新西兰兔为研究对象,在双侧挠骨中段制作标准骨缺损不愈合模型,用硅胶膜成管状包裹一侧骨缺损,另一侧无特殊处理为对照.术后分别进行X线检查、常规HE染色以及SP方法BMP、BGP抗体的免疫组化染色.结果:硅胶膜在骨缺损处形成隔离密闭的腔室,将周围组织阻挡于骨缺损之外.早期骨端骨内膜、骨髓基质细胞大量增殖,形成肉芽组织占据骨缺损.骨再生过程中表现出明显的组织学特征:骨痂表面为2～3层成骨细胞,骨缺损中央为肉芽组织,两者之间为数层细胞形成的移行区,细胞排列疏松.早期骨端骨内膜、骨髓基质细胞BMP、BGP呈强阳性染色,骨痂生长过程中,移行区部分细胞呈阳性染色.结论:结果表明在隔膜条件下骨再生的成骨细胞在早期来源于髓内的骨内膜和骨髓基质细胞,骨痂形成后,成骨细胞则来源于骨内膜、骨髓、骨膜增殖细胞共同形成的肉芽组织中的间质细胞或成纤维细胞.

Experimental Observation of Origins of Osteoblasts in Bone Regeneration by Membrane Technique

The origins of osteoblasts in guided bone regeneration (GBR) by membrane technique was studied in order to understand the machenism of GBR further. Methods: New Zealand rabbits were used in the experiment. Standard nonuion defect models were made in bilateral middle radial shaft of each rabbit. Randomly, one defect enveloped with sillicon membrane was studied as test group, another group without membrane was as control. The X-ray, histology and immuno-histochemical staining of BMP, BGP were observed at different time after procedure. Results: The sealed spaces were made by the sillicon membranes in the defects to prevent peripheral tissue from growing. In the early stage, the defect spaces were filled by granulation tissue formed from proliferative endoperiosteal and medullary stromal cells in bone ends. Histological characteristics following the callus forming was that there were 2-3 layers of osteoblasts in the surface of callus, granulation tissue lied in the center of bone defect, and it was the transforming region that lied between extending callus and granulation tissue, which consisted of a few of cells and a lot of stro-ma. In the early stage, proliferative endoperiosteal and medullary stromal cells in the bone end were positive against BMP, BGP, some cells in the transforming region were positive against BMP, BGP following callus forming. Conclusion: The results indicate that osteoblasts derive from endoperiosteum and medullary stroma in the early stage of GBR, and from granulation tissue formed by proliferative endoperiosteal and medullary stromal cells in the later stage.