漏空气对凝汽器传热性能影响的实验研究

通过凝汽器传热性能实验，研究了凝汽器热负荷和漏空气量变化时凝汽器压力、传热系数和端差的变化规律，得到了各参数变化对应的临界空气相对含量值。实验结果表明，当空气相对含量小于相应临界值时，凝汽器传热性能受空气相对含量变化的影响较小，即随空气相对含量增加，压力和端差缓慢增加，传热系数略有减小；反之，当空气相对含量大于相应临界值时，凝汽器压力和端差迅速增大，传热系数急剧下降。尽管不同凝汽器热负荷下各性能参数变化对应的临界空气相对含量值各不相同，但变化不大，均在1％左右。这为进一步定量研究漏空气对凝汽器传热性能影响奠定了一定基础。

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCE OF AIR IN-LEAKAGE UPON CONDENSER PERFORMANCE

According to experiment phenomena and data, which were about the influence of air in-leakage upon the condenser performance, the relations between the condenser pressure, heat transfer coefficient, terminal temperature difference and the air mass ratio were revealed in figures and tables. The critical values when the three parameters vary along with the air mass ratio were obtained. When the air mass ratio is smaller than its critical value, the pressure and terminal temperature difference increase slightly with the increase of air mass ratio. Accordingly the heat transfer coefficient decreases slightly with the increase of air mass ratio. When the air mass ratio is larger than its critical value, the pressure and terminal temperature difference increase rapidly with the increase of air mass ratio. And accordingly the heat transfer coefficient decreases rapidly. Moreover, the critical values for different parameters that vary with the air mass ratio are different, but all critical air mass ratios are about 1%.