长春花叶片愈伤组织诱导及培养过程中生物碱合成类型的变化和调节及有关酶的分析

在４种不同培养基上诱导长春花叶片愈伤组织发生的过程中，叶片中含量较高的文多灵（ｖｉｎｄｏｌｉｎｅ）和长春质碱（ｃａｔｈａｒａｎｔｈｉｎｅ）迅速降解至极低水平，而在叶片中含量较低的阿玛碱（ａｊ－ｍａｌｉｃｉｎｅ）和蛇根碱（ｓｅｒｐｅｎｔｉｎｅ）的合成却逐渐增加，同时酸性和碱性过氧化物酶（ｐｅｒｏｘｉｄａｓｅ）活性呈上升趋势，尤其碱性过氧化物酶与蛇根碱和阿玛碱的相关性较密切。光照和黑暗中的变化趋势基本一致，但光照可提高过氧化物酶的活性，对培养物的长春质碱、文多灵和蛇根碱的合成有利。不同的培养基对生物碱的合成影响较大，２，４－Ｄ显著抑制生物碱的合成，持续光照使愈伤组织的生长受到抑制，使阿玛碱向其蛇根碱转化。

Regulation of Indole Alkaloids Synthesis and Related Enzymes During Callus Initiation and Culture of Madagascar Periwinkle Leaves (Catharanthus roseus)

Leaf calluses of Catharanthus roseus (L ) G. Don were initiated in four different media under illumination or in dark. Visible callus began to form within 10 to 15 days. The ordinarily high contents of vindoline and catharanthine in the leaf declined rapidly, while the lower ajmalicine and serpentine contents increased markedly during callus initiation. At the same time, acidic and alkaline peroxidase showed a tendency to increase their activities, especially the activity of alkaline peroxidase was more closely related with the synthesis of serpentine and ajmalicine. Results also showed that illumination improved occurrence of leaf callus in advance and stimulated peroxidase activity, beneficial for the synthesis of vindoline, catharanthine and serpentine. 2. 4-D represses biosynthesis of indole alkaloids and peroxidase activity in all cultures.