刮齿机立柱的模态分析与优化设计

立柱作为刮齿机承载的关键零部件,其刚度和振动特性直接影响机床的加工精度,对刮齿机立柱进行静力学分析和模态分析,得出一种优化设计方案。首先,运用ANSYS进行建模,通过静力学分析找出应变最大处;其次对立柱进行模态分析,明确前6阶振型对刮齿机整体性能的影响,保证工作时的激振频率小于固有频率,避免产生共振损坏机床;然后基于出砂孔和加强筋的分布优化立柱结构,并调整壁厚对立柱进行轻量化设计;最后,通过仿真和模态试验验证设计方案的可行性。优化后立柱的总质量减轻了250.1kg,最大应变减小了7.668μm,达到5级机床精度要求,有效提高了立柱的强度和刚度。

Modal Analysis and Optimization Design of the Shaving Machine Column

As the key component of the gear scraper, the rigidity and vibration characteristics directly affect the machining accuracy of the machine tool. The static analysis and modal analysis of the scraper column are carried out, and an optimized design scheme is obtained. Firstly, the software ANSYS is used for modeling, and the maximum strain is found by static analysis. Secondly, the modal analysis is performed on the column to determine the influence of the first six-order mode on the overall performance of the gear scraper, and the excitation frequency during operation is less than the natural frequency avoids resonance and damages the machine tool;then optimizes the column structure based on the distribution of sand holes and ribs, and adjusts the wall thickness to lightly design the column;finally, the feasibility of the design scheme is verified by simulation and modal test. After optimization, the total mass of the column is reduced by 250.1 kg, and the maximum strain is reduced by 7.668μm, the accuracy of the 5 th machine tool is achieved,which effectively improves the strength and rigidity of the column.