基于减缓热岛效应的公园绿地布局优化研究

城市化进程加快导致城市热岛效应问题日益突出，公园绿地在降温方面具有重要作用，如何通过公园绿地布局以减缓热岛效应是当前值得思考的问题。以福州市主城区为研究区，利用辐射传输方程和泰森多边形分析城市热岛情况及公园绿地布局现状，采用P-中值模型结合城市用地规划确定公园绿地布局优化方案，结果表明：1)福州市主城区的整体温度偏高，其热岛范围达城市总面积的11.78%；2)共提取福州市主城区公园绿地47个，总面积为11.11km2，占主城区总面积的4.47%，公园绿地布局总体不能满足人们的需要；3)利用P-中值模型对公园绿地供需情况进行分析，得出18个公园绿地需要优化，其中包括福州动物园、环南公园等12个一级优化公园绿地，以及屏山公园、琴亭湖公园等6个二级优化公园绿地；4)结合福州市中心城区用地规划，得到50个潜在公园绿地建设点，主要集中于城门镇、盖山镇及新店镇。

Research on Layout Optimization of Park GreenSpace Based on Alleviating Heat Island Effect

With the acceleration of urbanization, the problem of urbanheat island effect is becoming more and more prominent, the park greenspace plays an important role in cooling, and how to alleviate heatisland effect by layout optimization of park green space is a problemworth thinking at present. Taking the main urban region of Fuzhouas the research area, the urban heat island situation and the layout ofpark green space are analyzed by using the radiation transfer equationand Tyson Polygon, and the optimization scheme of park green spacelayout is determined by P-median model combined with urban landuse planning. The results show that: 1) The overall temperature ofthe main region of Fuzhou is relatively high, and its heat island areareaches 11.78% of the city; 2) Fuzhou have 47 park green space, thetotal area is 11.11km2, occupying 4.47% of the total area of the mainurban region, and the park green space layout could not meet the needsof people; 3) There are 18 park green spaces need to be optimized byusing P-median model to analyze the supply and demand of park greenspace, including 12 first-level optimized park green space such asFuzhou Zoo, Huan nan Park, and 6 second-level optimized park greenspace such as Ping Shan Park, Qin Ting Lake Park; 4) Combined withland use planning of Fuzhou city center, 50 potential park green spaceconstruction sites can be obtained, mainly concentrated in ChengmenTown, Gaishan Town, and Xindian Town.