柑橘类水果贮藏保鲜技术研究进展

目的 旨在通过系统综述现有采后贮藏保鲜技术,以期找到更适合产业应用的高效保鲜技术.方法 基于不同原理系统介绍现有的物理、化学、生物保鲜技术以及综合保鲜方法,分析探讨现有技术的作用机理及存在的优缺点,通过相关研究对其在柑橘类水果采后贮藏保鲜上的应用实效进行比较.结论 对于柑橘青、绿霉病的防治,目前普遍采用的化学杀菌剂是最有效的手段,安全性更高的天然提取物和可食性涂膜等绿色保鲜剂是主要发展方向;相比化学方法,热处理、辐照、气调、臭氧等物理方法具有更绿色、安全的优点;生物保鲜物质虽然在体外实验具有一定效果,但在实际应用时往往效果不佳;同时,单一的保鲜技术无法达到工业应用时所要求的高效,因此,结合多种保鲜技术的综合防治保鲜方法将成为未来研究重点.

Research Progress of Postharvest Storage and Preservation Technology of Citrus Fruits

The aim of this study is to seek efficient preservation technology which is more suitable for industrial application through systematically reviewing the existing postharvest storage and preservation technology. Based on different principles, the existing physical, chemical and biological preservation technologies and comprehensive preservation methods, were systematically introduced in this paper. The action mechanism and advantages and disadvantages of the existing technologies were analyzed and discussed, and their application effects on the postharvest storage and preservation of citrus fruits were compared through related research. For the control of citrus blue mold and green mold, the chemical fungicide is the most effective method, and the safer natural extract and edible coating are the main development direction. Compared with chemical methods, physical methods such as heat treatment, irradiation, controlled atmosphere and ozone are greener and safer technologies. Although biological preservatives have certain effects in vitro, they are often ineffective in practical application. At the same time, a single preservation technology can not achieve the high efficiency required by industrial application. Therefore, the integrated control and preservation methods combined with a variety of preservation technologies will become the focus of future research.