原发性输尿管癌的诊断与治疗(附24例报告)

目的提高原发性输尿管癌的诊断水平和治疗效果.方法回顾性分析24例输尿管癌临床资料,比较各种检查方法,总结诊治经验.结果术前经B超、IVP、膀胱镜及逆行肾盂输尿管造影、尿脱落细胞、CT,MRI、输尿管镜检等检查确诊22例.全组均行手术,术后病理检查证实为移行细胞癌.结论联合应用多种检查方法可明显提高术前确诊率,膀胱镜 逆行肾盂输尿管造影是最基本的检查手段.治疗以手术为主.预后主要取决于肿瘤的分期、分级,进一步提高早期诊治水平及术后严密随诊是提高患者生存率的关键.

Diagnosis and treatment of primary ureteral carcinoma (reports of 24 cases)

Objective: To improve the diagnosis and treatment of primary ureteral carcinoma. Methods: Data of 24 cases of primary ureteral carcinoma were reviewed to evaluate various kinds of diagnostic means and summarize the diagnostic and therapeutic experiences. Results: The diagnosis was preoperatively confirmed in 22 cases using B-ultrasound, intravenous pyelogram (IVP), cystoscopy, retrograde pyeloureterography, urinary sediment, CT, MRI or ureteroscope. All cases were proved to be transitional cell carcinoma by pathological diagnosis after operation. Conclusions: The diagnostic accuracy of primary ureteral carcinoma may be improved by combined use of various kinds of the diagnostic means before open surgery. Cystoscopy and retrograde pyeloureterography are essential for the diagnosis. Operation is the chief treatment measure. The prognosis of primary ureteral carcinoma correlates well with the stage and grade of the tumor, the early diagnosis, treatment and severe postoperative follow-up are still the key to raise the survival rate of patients.