军事应激损伤机制的研究

目的:研究军事应激对武警官兵健康的影响,探讨如何提高执行处置紧急突发事件的适应和反应能力。方法:采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)等量表对执行10类不同的任务的官兵10113名进行随机整群测评。并对部分人员行血浆T3、T4检测。采用单光子发射断层显像术(SPECT)研究高强度训练对官兵骨功能的影响。针对官兵出现的应激表现,采取相应干预措施。通过跳台、避暗和Y迷路动物实验,采用心电图(ECG)监测、正电子发射断层显像(PET)脑功能成像研究动物枪击下肢后的远达效应。结果:与对照组相比,军事应激严重影响执行不同任务官兵的战斗力的生成(P<0.01),SPECT显示高强度训练可引起多个部位的骨损伤(P<0.01)。初步研究显示针对性的集体健康教育、个体及集体心理治疗以及中药和针刺显著提高官兵的战斗力(P<0.01)。动物实验显示应激环境下动物的适应和反应能力降低(P<0.01),并且动物下肢枪伤可造成远隔脏器的损伤(P<0.01)。结论:军事应激可严重影响官兵的战斗力生成,针对性干预可提高战斗力。

Study on military stress damage of Soldieries during armed police forces being on duty and performing task of emergency and counterterrorism

Objective:To study the effect of military stress on armed police forces' health ,and how to improve the abilities of adaptation and coping during performing emergent attack. Methods:Using SCL-90 ,SDS and SAS , random sampling of 10113 soldieries performing ten different missions were investigated. Among them, T3 and T4 of some soldiers'blood were measured. Bone injuries of military training soldiers were examined by 99mTc-MDP SPECT. Individualized and group-based interventions according to distinct manifestation of above-mentioned soldiers were given. The far-reaching effect of bullet wound in dogs and pigs leg were assessed by PET imaging and pathological. The typical adopting jump platform test and avoiding lightness test and the Y maze test were used to study the abilities of adaptation and coping of experimental animals by monitoring corticosterone level ,ECG and PET. Results:Comparison with the control groups, Military stress substantially influenced the production of combat effectiveness of soldiers(p<0.01). Damage of many bones(including femora, fibulae, and foot bone) during military training was found by SPECT imaging(p<0.01). The preliminary directed intervention showed group-based health education, individual and group psychological therapy, as well as TCM and acupuncture markedly enhanced the fighting capacity of soldiers(P<0.01,respectively) .PET imaging and pathology showed many remote organs such as brain and lungs were injured in animals(P<0.01). The response and adaptation of experimental animal to experimental stressful situations were significantly decreased(P<0.01,respectively). Conclusion:It is suggested that military stress has significantly adverse effect on the production of combat effectiveness of soldiers, individualized and group-based interventions of stress is essential for improving combat effectiveness.