基于性能合同的多部件系统维修策略模型优化

针对多部件串联系统维修效率低下与供应商所获利润少的问题，考虑各部件间的经济相关性，提出基于性能合同的多部件系统的维修策略模型。首先，采用韦伯（Weibull）分布描述系统各部件的使用寿命规律，并通过判断各部件使用度与预防性维修阈值和机会维修阈值的关系来实施不同的维修策略；其次，计算单位更新周期内的各维修活动概率和对应维修次数，以供应商利润最大化为目标，以预防性维修阈值和机会维修阈值为决策变量，建立基于性能合同的多部件系统的维修策略模型；最后，利用灰狼优化（GWO）算法求解该模型。通过算例分析得出与遗传（GA）算法、粒子群优化（PSO）算法相比，灰狼优化算法在准确率上分别提高了22.6%和7.6%；基于线性收益函数，所提绩效模型的利润率高达25.3%，相较于传统成本模型提高了5.2%。基于性能合同的多部件系统维修策略优化模型和算法可以有效解决供应商维修质量与效率低下问题，为供应商和运营商共同制定维修合同提供依据。

Optimization of maintenance strategy model for multi-component system based on performance-based contract

Aiming at the problems of the low maintenance efficiency of multi-component series system and the low profit of suppliers, considering the economic correlation between components, a maintenance strategy model for multi-component system based on performance-based contract was proposed. First, Weibull distribution was used to describe the service life law of each component in the system, and different maintenance strategies were implemented by judging the relationship between the usage of each component, the preventive maintenance threshold and the opportunistic maintenance threshold. Second, the probability of each maintenance activity and the corresponding number of maintenances were calculated in the unit renewal cycle, and a maintenance strategy model for multi-component system based on performance-based contract was established with the preventive maintenance threshold and the opportunity maintenance threshold as decision variables and with the goal of maximizing the profit of suppliers. Finally, Grey Wolf Optimizer(GWO) algorithm was used to solve the proposed model. The numerical example analysis showed that compared with Genetic Algorithm(GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO) algorithm, the improved GWO algorithm had the precision improved by 22.6% and 7.6% respectively, and the profit margin of the proposed performance model was as high as 25.3% based on the linear return function, which was increased by 5.2% compared with that of the traditional cost model. The model and algorithm of multi-component system maintenance strategy optimization based on performance-based contract can effectively solve the problem of low maintenance quality and efficiency of suppliers, and provide a basis for suppliers and operators to jointly make maintenance contracts.