格—拉管道输油与汽车运油的技术经济比较

西藏所需的油料，在格－拉管道建成前，全靠汽车通过青藏公路运送，常年动用２５００台汽车运油，根本不能满足需要。自１９７６年格－拉管道建成投产后，改变了油料运输困难的局面，１８年来通过管道向拉萨输送各种成品油二百多万吨，取得了重大的社会效益和经济效益，显示了管道输油方式的优越性。为了从技术经济上具体比较管道与汽车运油的优劣，分析了两种运输方式的成本：从格尔木到拉萨，运送２００万ｔ的油料，汽车运输总成本

Technical and Economical Comparison between Golmud Lhasa Pipeline Transportation and Truck Transportation.

Before the Golmud- Lhasa Pipeline was available the oil demand in Tibet depended fully on truck transportation through Qinhai-Tibet Highway, some 2500 trucks were put to use one year, but failed to meet the requirement. Since 1976, when the said pipeline was put into operation, this bottleneck disappeared. Over 18 year operation, the pipeline transported to Lhasa over 2,000,000 tons of various kinds of oil products, which revealed considerable social and economical benefits as well as its superiority over truck transportation. In order to make comparison, the costs for these two transportation means are analyzed:To transport 2,000,000 tons of oil products from Golmud to Lhasa,the total cost for trucks is as much as 5. 6 billion yuan(RMB) , whereas that for pipeline is only L 123 billion yuan. Taking account of living and other expenses of the employees concerned, the cost for pipeline transportation makes up only 20% of that for trucks, that is to say, 4. 477 billion yuan, 6. 4 times the investment for this pipeline is saved due to the Golmud-Lhasa pipeline. Comparing with pipeline, truck transportation suffers from great loss of light component, excessive large/small respiration, contamination, excessive water content, incapability to transport special oil product, etc. By contrast, pipeline is capable of meeting the oil demand in Tibet, disregarding the adverse envirenment of high altitude, varied topography, low temperature, etc.