基层医院胃肠手术感染细菌培养与药敏分析

目的了解本院胃肠外科手术患者感染常见细菌及药敏结果，以指导临床合理用药。方法对70例胃肠外科手术患者采集77株细菌进行鉴定及药敏分析。结果其中G^＋细菌为17株，占22．08％。G^-细菌为60株，占77．92％。第一位致病菌为大肠埃希菌，第二位为铜绿假单胞菌和克雷伯杆菌，第四位致病菌为肠球菌。同时感染两种以上细菌的病例有19例。第3，4代头孢菌素类和碳青霉烯类对大肠埃希菌，克雷伯杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌均有良好的疗效。2代头孢菌素疗效稍差。氨基糖甙类疗效欠佳，喹诺酮类药物中加替沙星疗效好于环丙沙星。结论胃肠手术感染细菌主要来源于肠道细菌，因为耐药性各不相同，感染发生时最好根据细菌培养和药敏的结果用药，经验及预防用药时最好选择广谱抗生素。

Bacterial culture and drug-sensitive analysis of stomach intestine surgery infection in the primary hospital

Objective To investigate the characteristics of common bacterial and drug-sensitive of stomach intestine surgery infection in our hospital. Methods 77 strains of bacteria collected from 70 patients with stomach intestine operation were identified and tested for the susceptibility to antibiotics.Results Bacteria positive rate included Gram-negative bacteria 60(77.92% ) and Gram-positive bacteria 17(22.08% ). The first pathogenic bacteria was Escherichia coli, the second was Klebsiella and pseudomonas aerumginosa , and the fourth was enterococcus. There were 19 cases who were co-infected two or above basteria. The third and fourth generations of Cephalosporins were commonly used in clinical treatment with the obvious anti-G-and-G+ bacteria. The second generation of Cephalosporins were not so effective and aminoglycosides were below the mark. Gatifloxacin had better effects than Ciprofloxacin in Quinolones. Conclusions The tendency to antimicrobial resistance of clinical isolates should be followed up continuously. Selection of antimicrobial should be based on result of bacteria culture.