Fate of Mutagenicity Produced During Anaerobic Biodegradation of the Herbicide Chlornitrofen (CNP) |
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Authors: | TAKU MATSUSHITA YOSHIHIKO MATSUI YUSUKE MATSUI TAKANOBU INOUE |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Civil Engineering , Gifu University , Gifu, Japan;2. Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering , Toyohashi University of Technology , Aichi, Japan |
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Abstract: | The mutagenicity of chlornitrofen (CNP)-containing solutions has been reported to increase during anaerobic biodegradation. In the present study, the fate of this increased mutagenicity under subsequent aerobic and anaerobic incubation conditions was investigated using two Salmonella tester strains, YG1024 (a frameshift-detecting strain) and YG1029 (a base-pair-substitution-detecting strain). Mutagenicity for both YG1024 and YG1029 strains increased during nine-day anaerobic biodegradation. During subsequent anaerobic incubation, the increased mutagenicity decreased gradually for YG1029 but did not change significantly for YG1024. By contrast, the increased mutagenicity decreased rapidly after the conversion to aerobic incubation for both YG1024 and YG1029 strains. The rapid decrease in mutagenicity during aerobic incubation was due to decreases, not only in an identified mutagenic metabolite (CNP-amino) but also in unidentified mutagenic metabolites. |
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Keywords: | Mutagenicity Chlornitrofen (CNP) Biodegradation Environmental fate |
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