微创经多裂肌间隙单侧腰椎椎弓根钉固定椎间融合术式的探讨

目的 探讨应用直视下可扩张管微创系统(Quadrant系统)经多裂肌间隙入路单侧椎弓根螺钉固定单枚cage椎间植骨融合术的疗效.方法 2008年4月至2009年4月应用Quadrant系统对47例患者采取多裂肌间隙入路单侧椎弓根螺钉固定,单枚cage椎间植骨融合术治疗,其中男性22例,女性25例;年龄46～74岁,平均5 8.2岁..极外侧型椎间盘突出12例,椎间盘开窗摘除术后复发7例,退变性腰椎不稳28例;37例经椎间孔入路,10例行后侧入路.术后通过X线片观察固定融合情况,按Nakai标准评定临床疗效.结果 切口长度3.0～3.5 cm,平均3.2 cm;手术时间70～160 min,平均90 min;术中出血量90～360 ml,平均130 ml.随访8～20个月,无椎弓根钉断裂、松动、拔出、cage移位等严重并发症发生;43例获骨性融合,4例可疑融合.末次随访时患者VAS腿痛评分从术前平均(7.4±1.1)分降至(2.4±1.3)分,VAS腰痛评分从术前平均(6.7±1.3)分降至(1.8±1.5)分.临床疗效评定:优31例,良11例,可5例,优良率89.4%.结论 经多裂肌间隙入路单侧椎弓根螺钉固定,单枚cage椎间植骨融合术具有手术创伤小、时间短、出血少、并发症低、疗效确切等优点,在合理选择适应证的情况下是一种理想的下腰椎融合方法.

Unilateral pedicle screw fixation plus interbody fusion by Quadrant system through spatium intermusculare of multifidus

Objective To explore the clinical outcome of unilateral pedicle screw fixation plus single cage interbody fusion through spatium intermusculare of multifidus by Quadrant system. Methods From April 2008 to April 2009, 47 patients underwent unilateral pedicle screw fixation plus single cage interbody fusion through spatium intermusculare of multifidus. There were 22 males and 25 females with the mean age of 58. 2 years ( range,46-74 years). Among them 12 cases had far-lateral lumbar disc herniation, 7 cases had post-discectomy recurrence, and 28 cases had degenerative instability. Thirty-seven cases were treated with lumbar interbody fusion through transforaminal approach, 10 cases through posterior approach. After surgery,the radiography was carried out to demonstrate the fusion status, and the Nakai criterion was used for assessment. Results The average skin incision length was 3.2 cm( range, 3.0 to 3.5 cm), the average operative time was 90 min( range, 70 to 160 min), and the average blood loss was 130 ml( range, 90 to 360ml ). All cases were followed up for 8-20 months (average 13.6 months). Postoperative radiography showed no evidence of instrument failure, and 43 cases got bone fusion, 4 cases got suspicious fusion. At final followed-up the average leg pain VAS decreased from 7.4 ± 1.1 preoperatively to 2.4 ± 1.3 postoperatively,the average low back pain VAS decreased from 6. 7 ± 1. 3 preoperatively to 1.8 ± 1.5 postoperatively. According to Nakai criterion, 31 cases were rated as excellent, 11 cases as good, and 5 cases as fair with the total excellent and good rate of 89. 4%. Conclusions Unilateral pedicle screw fixation plus single cage interbody fusion through spatium intermusculare of multifidus has some advantages of minimal invasiveness, less blood loss, less complications and reliable curative effect. It is a satisfactory lumbar fusion method under suitable indication.