Lake restoration by biomanipulation using piscivore and Daphnia stocking; results of the biomanipulation in Japan |
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Authors: | Jin-Yong Ha Mineo Saneyoshi Ho-Dong Park Hideshige Toda Satoshi Kitano Takamitsu Homma Takehito Shiina Yutaka Moriyama Kwang-Hyeon Chang Takayuki Hanazato |
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Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Mountain Science, Shinshu University, Kogandori 5-2-4, Suwa, Nagano, 392-0027, Japan 6. Research Center for Coastal Lagoon Environments, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsucho, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan 2. Department of Bioscience, Teikyo University of Science and Technology, Yamanashi, Japan 3. Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan 4. Nagano Environmental Conservation Research Institute, Nagano, Japan 5. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
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Abstract: | Biomanipulation has been employed in numerous locations throughout the world as a means for reducing phytoplankton biomass; however, it has not been employed very often in Japan. A common approach involves the introduction of piscivorous fish to reduce the abundance of planktivorous fish. In our study, to first apply biomanipulation, we stocked Lake Shirakaba (a high-altitude, protected area in a park) in central Japan with rainbow trout fingerlings and cladoceran Daphnia (Daphnia galeata) in 2000. A “pre-biomanipulation” data set (1997–1999) and “a post-biomanipulation” data set (2000–2006) allowed us to evaluate the lake's response to biomanipulation. After the biomanipulation, zoo-planktivorous pond smelt disappeared and a large population of Daphnia had been established, which substantially reduced the number of the previously dominant small cladocerans and rotifers. Water transparency increased from about 2 m (before biomanipulation) to more than 4 m (after biomanipulation). Reductions in algal biomass and increased transparency led to expansion of the submerged macrophyte Elodea nuttallii. Total phosphorus concentrations declined as well over this time period. Based on these results, we concluded that biomanipulation using piscivore and Daphnia stocking succeeded in improving lake water quality by reducing algal abundance and providing favorable conditions for the establishment of rooted plants. |
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