贵州少数民族地区中学生自杀意念及尝试自杀影响因素分析

目的了解贵州省少数民族地区中学生自杀相关行为的流行现状及影响因素,为有针对性地开展中学生自杀行为的预防工作提供参考依据。方法运用两阶段分层整群抽样方法,采用青少年健康调查问卷、儿童抑郁障碍自评量表、儿童期虐待问卷、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表等对贵州省少数民族地区的6139名中学生进行调查,应用Logistic回归分析中学生自杀行为影响因素。结果1241名(20.2%)中学生在过去12个月里有过自杀意念,250名(4.1%)在过去12个月里尝试自杀。中学生自杀意念与女性、不住校、独生子女、吸烟、与教师关系较差、与同学关系较差、存在校园暴力行为、被躯体虐待、性虐待、被情感忽视、有抑郁症状、有睡眠障碍呈正相关(OR值分别为1.67,1.64,0.84,0.72,0.67,0.58,2.06,2.45,2.12,1.68,2.82,1.62);尝试自杀与女性、不住校、吸烟、与教师关系较差、与同学关系较差、存在校园暴力行为、被躯体虐待、性虐待、被躯体忽视、有抑郁症状、有睡眠障碍呈正相关(OR值分别为1.52,2.25,0.52,0.49,0.47,1.79,2.17,1.97,1.94,3.14,1.66)。结论贵州省少数民族地区自杀意念较为普遍,教师和家长应高度重视,早期识别学生的自杀风险,以减少自杀相关行为的发生。

Factors influencing suicidal ideation and suicide attempt of middle school students in minority areas of Guizhou Province

Objective To analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of suicidal behaviors among middle school students in minority areas of Guizhou Province,and to provide the reference for targetedly preventing suicidal behavior among middle school students.Methods Questionnaire survey including adolescent health information,Depression Self-rating Scale for Children(DSRSC),Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form(CTQ-SF)and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index survey were conducted among 6139 middle school students in minority areas of Guizhou Province,Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of suicidal behavior of middle school students.Results A total of 1 241(20.2%)had suicidal ideation in the past 12 months,and250(4.1%)of middle school students had committed suicide in the past 12 months.Suicidal ideation among middle school students was positively associated with:female,non-residence,being only child,smoking,having poor relationship with teachers,poor relationship with classmates,school violence victimization,physical abused,sexual abuse,emotionally neglected,having depression,having sleeping disorders(OR=1.67,1.64,0.84,0.72,0.67,0.58,2.06,2.45,2.12,1.68,2.82,1.62).While being women(OR=1,52),non-residence(OR=2.25),smoking(OR=0.52),poor relationship with teachers(OR=0.49),poor relationship with classmales(OR=0.47),schoul violence victimization(OR=1.79)and physically abused(OR=2.17),sexual abused(OR=1.97),physically neglected(OR=1.94),depressive symptoms(OR=3.14),sleep disorders(OR=1.66)were associated positively with the risk of suicide attempt.Conclusion Suicide-related behaviors are more common in minority areas of Guizhou Province.Teachers and parents should attach great importance to it,and their suicidal risk should be early recognized to reduce suicide-related behaviors.