硝酸铵氧化法制备氯化亚铜技术研究

介绍了硝酸铵氧化分解海绵铜生产氯化亚铜的方法。工艺过程：将海绵铜加入硝酸铵和硫酸的混合液中，海绵铜中的铜溶解得到硫酸铜溶液；向硫酸铜溶液中加入亚硫酸铵和氯化铵，亚硫酸铵将硫酸铜还原为硫酸亚铜，氯化铵将硫酸亚铜氯化沉淀为氯化亚铜；氯化亚铜经酸洗、醇洗、烘干得到成品；滤液经蒸发浓缩得到硫酸铵副产品。最佳制备条件：（1）海绵铜溶解过程，反应温度为60 ℃，硫酸浓度为0.2~0.3 mol/L，硝酸铵用量为过量10%~20%；（2）沉淀氯化亚铜过程，亚硫酸铵与硫酸铜的物质的量比为0.6，氯化铵与硫酸铜的物质的量比为1.0~1.1；（3）沉淀氯化亚铜用质量分数为2%的硫酸水溶液洗涤，再用质量分数为95%的乙醇洗涤，再经烘干得到氯化亚铜产品，所得产品质量符合GB/T 27562-2011《工业氯化亚铜》要求。

Preparation of cuprous chloride by ammonium nitrate oxidation process

The cuprous chloride production process by sponge copper oxidative-decomposed from ammonium nitrate was introduced and technological process was as follows：adding sponge copper into the mixture of ammonium nitrate and sulfuric acid，and dissolved the copper in sponge copper to obtain copper sulfate solution；to join ammonium sulfite and ammonium chloride into the copper sulfate solution，and then ammonium sulfite reduced copper sulfate into the copper sulfite，and ammonium chloride make the copper sulfite into the cuprous chloride precipitation；finished cuprous chloride product was finally got by pickling，alcohol washing，and drying；By-product ammonium sulfate also obtained by evaporation and concentration to the filtrate.The best preparation conditions were obtained：1）In the sponge copper dissolving process，reaction temperature was 60 ℃，sulfuric acid concentration was at 0.2~0.3 mol/L，the amount of ammonium nitrate was excess of 10%~20%；2）In the precipitation process of cuprous chloride，amount-of-substance ratio of ammonium sulfite and copper sulfate was 0.6，and amount-of-substance ratio of ammonium chloride and copper sulfate was 1.0~1.1；3）Using sulfuric acid aqueous solution with mass fraction of 2% to wash the cuprous chloride precipitation，and then washing with ethanol with the mass fraction of 95%，and finally drying cuprous chloride to get products.The product quality was in line with the GB/T 27562-2011 Industrial Cuprous Chloride requirements.