2009年瑞金市农村学校饮水与厕所卫生及垃圾污水处理状况调查

[目的]了解农村学校饮水安全与环境卫生设施状况,为规划农村学校卫生基础设施建设的策略提供依据。[方法]2009年,在瑞金市农村乡镇选择30所学校（初级中学、中心小学、村小学各10所）采用报表方式进行供水、厕所与环境卫生设施状况调查;选择其中10所寄宿制学校（初级中学6所,中心小学4所）进行现场环境卫生状况调查和水质检测。[结果]报表调查的30所学校中,采用分散式供水的20所;33座厕所中非卫生厕所17座;有垃圾收集设施的15所,仅有3所学校的污水通过排污管道排放。现场调查的10所寄宿制学校中,7所采用分散式供水,检测10份末梢水,只有2份集中式供水水质合格;11座厕所中8座为非卫生厕所;垃圾基本上能做到定点堆放,集中燃烧或填埋处理;污水直接排放的7所。[结论]瑞金市农村学校饮水和环境卫生设施简陋,饮水水质较差,排放的粪便、污水对周围环境造成一定污染。

Survey on the Status of Drinking Water,Toilet Hygiene and Waste Water Treatment in Rural Schools in Ruijin City,2009

[Objective] To understand the status of drinking water safety and environmental sanitation facilities in rural schools,so as to provide basis for planning strategies on health infrastructure in rural schools.[Methods]In 2009,30 rural schools were sampled from rural townships in Ruijin city（10 junior high schools,10 central primary schools,10 village primary schools）to conduct survey on water supplying,latrines and environmentalsanitation facilities by report form;10 boarding schools（6junior high schools,4 central primary schools）were sampled to conduct survey on field sanitation and water quality testing.[Results]In the 30 investigation reported schools,20 schools used decentralized water supply,there were 17 non-health toilets in 33 toilets.15 schools had refuse collection facilities.Only three schools,sewage discharged through the sewage pipes.In the 10 field survey boarding schools,7 schools used decentralized water supply.In 10 peripheral water detected,only 2 of the centralized water quality were qualified;8 toilets were non-sanitary toilets in the 11 toilets;All of the rubbish was fixedly stacked,concentration of combustion or landfill;7 schools,sewage discharged directly.[Conclusion]Drinking water and sanitation facilities are crude in rural schools of Ruijin city,the drinking water quality is poor,fecal discharge and sewage have contamination on the surrounding environment.