厌氧膜生物反应器耦联部分亚硝化/厌氧氨氧化用于污水处理研究

本研究构建了厌氧膜生物反应器（AnMBR）-部分亚硝化/厌氧氨氧化（PN/Anammox）污水处理工艺，以探究AnMBR-PN/A工艺处理效果最佳的水力停留时间（HRT）.AnMBR将厌氧生物处理与膜分离技术相结合实现有机物去除，AnMBR出水NH₄⁺-N通过PN部分转化为NO₂^--N，最终通过NO₂^--N氧化剩余NH₄⁺-N去除.实验结果表明：在HRT=11.2 h时，AnMBR-PN/A工艺化学需氧量（COD）去除率稳定在97%以上，COD转化为CH₄效率超过77.5%，总氮（TN）去除率为78%，出水COD和TN浓度分别低于14和11 mg·L^-1.AnMBR段COD去除率达到95%，平均甲烷产率为0.39 L·L^-1·d^-1.PN段实现了NO₂^--N的高效积累，其出水中NO₂^-/NH₄⁺为0.91±0.11.Anammox段出水中的NO₂^--N、NH₄⁺-N和NO₃^--N浓度分别低于1.0、4.9和5.1 mg·L^-1.高通量测序结果表明PN段氨氧化菌主要为Nitrosomonas，丰度为7.09%，Anammox段主要微生物为Candidatus Brocadia，丰度高达21.01%.本研究构建的AnMBR-PN/A工艺实现了污水处理过程的高效能源回收和深度自养脱氮，研究成果为工程应用提供了理论支撑.

Study on characteristics of coupled anaerobic membrane bioreactor and PN/A in domestic wastewater treatment

An anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR)-partial nitritation/anaerobic ammonia oxidation (PN/Anammox) system was built in this study to investigate the optimal hydraulic retention time (HRT) for system operation. The AnMBR combines anaerobic biological treatment and membrane separation to realize organics removal; NH₄⁺-N was partially transformed into NO₂^--N through PN, then residual NH₄⁺-N was oxidized by NO₂^--N to remove nitrogen. At an HRT of 11.2 h, chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of over 97% was achieved for the coupled system, with 77.5% of the influent COD was recovered as CH₄; a total nitrogen (TN) removal rate of was 78% by the PN/A, with the effluent COD and TN concentrations lower than 14 and 11 mg·L^-1, respectively. The AnMBR reached a total COD removal efficiency of 95%, and the average methane production rate reached 0.39 L·L^-1·d^-1. PN achieved efficient accumulation of NO₂^--N, and the NO₂^-/NH₄⁺ in effluent was 0.91±0.11. NO₂^--N, NH₄⁺-N and NO₃^--N concentrations in the effluent of Anammox reactor were lower than 1.0, 4.9 and 5.1 mg·L^-1, respectively. High-throughput sequencing analysis results indicated that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in the PN reactor was mainly Nitrosomonas (7.09%), while the predominant bacteria in the Anammox reactor was Candidatus Brocadia (21.01%). The AnMBR-PN/A system built in this study realized efficient energy recovery and enhanced nitrogen removal, which provides theoretical basis for the future engineering application of this technology.